predicate
n.the part of a sentence that says what the subject is doing or what it is. It usually includes a verb and any extra information about the action.
n.the part of a sentence that contains the verb and provides information about the subject. In logic, it refers to a function that returns a truth value based on the subject.
“The predicate of the sentence 'She runs fast' is 'runs fast'.”
“In the sentence 'The cat sleeps on the mat', the predicate describes the action of the cat.”
“The logical predicate determines whether a given statement is true or false by evaluating the relationship between the subject and the object.”
“Hip-hop is a genre predicated on constant forward motion, in which careers tend to burn brightly, then dim as the music moves on.”
From Middle English predicat(e), from Old French predicat (French prédicat), from Medieval Latin praedicātum (“thing said of a subject, predicate”), substantivized from the nominative neuter singular of praedicātus, the perfect passive participle praedicō (“to proclaim”), see -ate (noun-forming suffix); see also Etymology 2 below. The adjective was derived from the noun by metanalysis, see -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
From Latin praedicātus, perfect passive participle of praedicō (“to publish, declare, proclaim”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), further from prae- (“before”) + dicō (“to proclaim, dedicate”), related to dīcō (“to say, tell”). Doublet of preach.
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.