English Reference
adjective · noun

privy

adj. · n.
US /ˈpɹɪvi/ UK /pɹˈɪvi/ privy UK spelling privies, privy's

  1. 01 C1 Advanced Formal

    adj.to be told secret or private information.

    adj.sharing in the knowledge of something secret or private. Usually follows the verb 'to be' and takes the preposition 'to'.

    Simple

    Only a few senior managers were privy to the plan to sell the company.

    In context

    The legal counsel was privy to the sensitive negotiations, ensuring that all confidentiality agreements remained intact throughout the merger.

    Usage

    Almost always used in the phrase 'privy to [something]'.

  2. 02 C2 Proficiency Archaic

    n.a small building outside a house used as a toilet.

    n.an outdoor toilet, typically a small structure over a pit; a latrine or outhouse.

    Simple

    The old farmhouse didn't have indoor plumbing, so we had to use a privy in the garden.

    In context

    Archaeologists excavated the site of the eighteenth-century privy, discovering discarded pottery that offered clues about the residents' daily lives.

    Teacher's tip

    This sense is archaic or historical; in modern English, speakers use 'toilet' or 'restroom'.

    outhouselatrine
  3. 03 C2 Proficiency TechnicalFormal Law

    n.a person who has a legal interest in a contract or case even if they are not the main person involved.

    n.a person who has a legal interest in a matter, such as a contract or property, through a relationship with one of the primary parties.

    Simple

    The court had to decide if the new owner was a privy to the original agreement.

    In context

    Under the doctrine of privity, a privy may be bound by the results of a previous legal judgment even if they were not a named defendant.


From Middle English pryvy, prive, from Old French privé (“private”), from Latin prīvātus (“deprived”), perfect passive participle of prīvō (“I bereave, deprive; I free, release”). Doublet of private.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin prīvātus
Level C2 · Proficiency
Frequency Frequent
Updated