English Reference
noun

prosecution

n.
US /ˌpɹɑsəkˈjuʃən/ UK /pɹˌɒsɪkjˈuːʃən/ pros·e·cu·tion UK spelling prosecutions

  1. 01 C1 Advanced Formal Law

    the process of officially accusing someone of a crime and testing the evidence in a court of law.

    the institution and conduct of legal proceedings against a person in a criminal court.

    Simple

    The evidence was so weak that the prosecution was dropped before it reached court.

    In context

    The director of public prosecutions decided that there was sufficient evidence to proceed with a formal prosecution for fraud.

    Usage

    Often used with the verbs 'bring', 'initiate', or 'face'.

    triallegal actionindictment
  2. 02 C1 Advanced Formal Law

    the lawyers who try to prove that a person is guilty of a crime.

    the party or legal team conducting the case against a defendant in a criminal court.

    Simple

    The prosecution called three witnesses to testify about what they saw that night.

    In context

    The prosecution rested its case after presenting a series of forensic reports that linked the suspect to the crime scene.

    Usage

    Usually takes a singular verb, though it refers to a team of people.

    prosecutorsthe state
    the defense
  3. 03 C2 Proficiency FormalAcademic

    the act of continuing with a plan or a piece of work until it is finished.

    the act of carrying out or continuing a task, scheme, or endeavor to its completion.

    Simple

    He was very determined in the prosecution of his professional goals.

    In context

    The general was praised for his vigorous prosecution of the war, despite the mounting political pressure at home.

    Usage

    Typically followed by the preposition 'of'.

Activists say some have been threatened with prosecution or beaten until they agreed to sign.

The Guardian· 14 Aug 2026

Figures show 79 per cent of fines were paid on time, with the remainder referred for prosecution in the District Court.

BreakingNews.ie· 14 Aug 2026

Equivalent to prosecute + -ion, from Middle French prosecution, from Late Latin prōsecutio, from Latin prōsequor (“follow, pursue”), from pro- (“onward”) + sequor (“follow”) (English sequel). Compare persecution, and see more at prosecute.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Common
Updated