English Reference

Word

repel

Phoneticsre·pel, stress on the second syllable

US/ɹɪˈpɛɫ/

UK/ɹɪpˈɛl/

Definitions

01to drive back an attacker

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to fight back against an enemy or attacker and force them to go away.

v. to drive back or ward off an assailant or an advancing military force through physical or tactical resistance.

“The army managed to repel the invaders after a long battle at the border.”

“The garrison successfully repelled the initial assault, though the commander knew they lacked the supplies to withstand a prolonged siege.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

02to keep something out

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to successfully keep something away, like water or insects.

v. to resist or keep out a substance or organism by physical or chemical properties.

“This new jacket is designed to repel water even in heavy rain.”

“The chemical coating is engineered to repel common garden pests without harming the plants themselves.”

Antonyms

03to cause dislike

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to make someone feel a strong sense of dislike or disgust.

v. to cause a feeling of strong aversion, distaste, or disgust in another person.

“The violent scenes in the movie repelled many viewers.”

“His arrogant attitude and lack of empathy tended to repel potential business partners before negotiations could even begin.”

Antonyms

04physics

B2 · Upper Intermediate Science Technical

v. to push something away using a physical force, like magnets.

v. to exert a force on an object that tends to push it away; the opposite of attract.

“The two positive ends of the magnets repel each other.”

“In electrostatics, particles with the same electric charge repel one another with a force proportional to the magnitude of the charges.”

Synonyms

push away

Antonyms

05to reject a request

C1 · Advanced Formal

v. to refuse to accept a request or a suggestion.

v. to reject or refuse to accept a formal request, demand, or offer.

“The committee repelled his suggestion to change the company logo.”

“The board of directors repelled the hostile takeover bid, citing a lack of transparency in the financing.”

Antonyms

Usage

The verb is transitive and requires a direct object; in physics contexts, it is often used with 'each other'.

Pitfall

The magnet repels from the other

The magnet repels the other

Repel is transitive and does not require the preposition 'from' when describing the act of pushing something away.

Real-World Examples

“Some microbiomes attracted the skeeters; others repelled them.”
Ars Technica 1 Sept 2026
“Because they have the same charge, they also repel each other.”
Phys.org 26 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English repellen, a borrowing from Old French *repeller, from Latin repellere (“to drive back”), from re- (“back”) + pellere (“to drive”). Doublet of repeal.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

VERB

repel(B2)

ADJECTIVE

Domains

PhysicsSports

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
Frequency
Frequent
Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Updated

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English Reference