ENGLISH
REFERENCE

shaman

n. countable
C1 Advanced US //ˈʃeɪmən// UK //ʃˈæmən// shaman

n. a person in some cultures who is believed to have special powers to heal people and talk to spirits. They often use rituals or music to help their community.

n. a religious or spiritual practitioner who acts as an intermediary between the human and spirit worlds. Typically associated with indigenous cultures, the role involves performing rituals for healing, divination, or community protection.


SIMPLE

The village shaman performed a healing ceremony.

CONTEXTUAL

Anthropologists spent months studying how the shaman used rhythmic drumming to enter a trance state during communal rituals.

COMPLEX

While modern medicine has reached the remote valley, many residents still consult the local shaman for spiritual guidance and traditional herbal remedies during times of crisis.

Synonyms
Origin

Borrowed from German Schamane, from Russian шама́н (šamán), from Evenki шама̄н (şamān), сама̄н (samān), from Proto-Tungusic *samān. The Evenki word is possibly derived from the root ша- (şa-, “to know”); or else a loanword from Tocharian B ṣamāne (“monk”) or Chinese 沙門 /沙门 (shāmén, “Buddhist monk”), from Pali samaṇa from Sanskrit श्रमण (śramaṇa, “ascetic, monk, devotee”), from श्रम (śrama, “weariness, exhaustion; labor, toil; etc.”), which would make this a doublet of sramana.

Usage

The plural form is 'shamans', not 'shamen'.

Pitfall

The village shamenThe village shamansThe word is not an English compound of 'man'; the plural is formed by adding 's'.

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