English Reference

Word

sickness

Phoneticssick·ness, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈsɪknəs/

UK/sˈɪknəs/

Definitions

01being ill

A2 · Elementary Uncountable noun

n. the state of being unwell or having a disease.

n. the general state of being ill or diseased; often used to describe a period of time spent away from work or duties.

“She had to stay home from school because of sickness.”

“The company policy allows for ten days of paid leave due to sickness before a formal medical certificate is required.”

Pitfall

He has a sickness in his lungs.

He has a disease in his lungs.

Use 'sickness' for the general state of being unwell; use 'disease' or 'illness' for specific medical conditions affecting an organ.

Antonyms

02a specific disease

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun Medicine

n. a particular type of illness or disease.

n. a specific disease or malady, often named by its cause or symptoms.

“Sleeping sickness is a serious problem in some parts of the world.”

“Researchers are investigating whether this particular sickness is transmitted through contaminated water or airborne particles.”

Synonyms

maladydisorder

03nausea

B1 · Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. the feeling that you are going to vomit.

n. a sensation of nausea or stomach distress, often caused by motion or pregnancy.

“I always get motion sickness when I try to read in a moving car.”

“Morning sickness is a common experience during the first trimester of pregnancy, though its severity varies greatly between individuals.”

Synonyms

nauseaqueasiness

04grammar error

C2 · Proficiency Uncountable noun Medicine Technical

n. a mistake where a speaker uses a rare grammar form instead of a common one.

n. the analogical misuse of a rarer or marked grammatical case in place of a more common or unmarked case.

“The linguist studied the case sickness in the child's speech patterns.”

“The paper argues that the observed sickness in the dative case is actually a predictable result of morphological simplification in dying languages.”

Usage

In linguistics, this term is often qualified by the specific case being misused, such as 'dative sickness'.

Etymology

From Middle English sikness, from Old English sēocnes. By surface analysis, sick + -ness.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

NOUN

sickness(A2)

ADJECTIVE

Domain

Linguistics

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A2 KeyIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.3.0–4.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 2.0–2.524–43TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.225–549
Frequency
Frequent
Level
A2 · Elementary
Updated

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English Reference