English Reference
noun · verb

sin

n. · v.
US /ˈsɪn/ sin UK spelling sin's, sin's, sinned, sinning

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate Religion

    n.an action that breaks a religious law or is considered very morally wrong.

    n.an offence against divine law or a violation of a moral principle.

    Simple

    In many religions, lying is considered a serious sin.

    In context

    The theologian argued that the nature of sin lies not just in the action itself, but in the conscious intent to defy moral authority.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Informal

    n.a bad mistake or something that is a great pity.

    n.a regrettable action or a serious shortcoming in judgment or behavior.

    Simple

    It is a sin to waste all that delicious food when people are hungry.

    In context

    The critic remarked that it was a sin to hide such a talented musician in a mediocre backing band.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced InformalBritish English Sport

    n.a short name for the 'sin bin', where players must sit after breaking a rule.

    n.a colloquial shortening of 'sin bin', referring to the penalty box where players are temporarily sidelined.

    Simple

    The captain spent ten minutes in the sin for a dangerous tackle.

    In context

    After a series of technical fouls, the referee sent the scrum-half to the sin to cool off for the remainder of the half.

  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to do something that is against religious or moral laws.

    v.to commit an offence against a religious or moral code; used intransitively.

    Simple

    He felt that he had sinned by not helping his friend in need.

    In context

    The protagonist spends the final chapters of the novel attempting to atone for having sinned against his family's trust.

    Usage

    This verb is intransitive and does not take a direct object.

    transgresserrstray

Is she guilty of some obvious sin which is being punished?

The Guardian· 7 Sept 2026

Etymology 1

Transliteration of Akkadian 𒀭𒂗𒍪 (Sîn).

Etymology 2

From Cantonese 單 /单 (sin6) or 冼 (sin2).

Etymology 3

From Hebrew סִין.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Common
Updated