English Reference
verb · noun

smelt

v. · n.
US /ˈsmɛɫt/ UK /smˈɛlt/ smelt UK spelling smelted, smelting, smelts

  1. 01 C1 Advanced Technical Science

    v.to melt rock (ore) at a very high heat to get the metal out of it.

    v.to extract a metal from its ore by a process involving heating and melting.

    Simple

    The company uses a large factory to smelt iron from the rocks they mine.

    In context

    Ancient civilisations discovered how to smelt copper long before they developed the technology required for iron production.

    Usage

    This is a transitive verb that usually takes a specific metal or 'ore' as its object.

  2. 02 C2 Proficiency Technical Science

    n.a small silver fish that lives in both salt and fresh water.

    n.any small anadromous fish of the family Osmeridae.

    Simple

    The fisherman caught a bucket of smelt in the river this morning.

    In context

    The local ecosystem relies heavily on the annual migration of smelt, which provide a vital food source for larger predators.

Meteorites provided a rare but ready source of iron for ancient Bronze Age cultures before smelting became common.

Phys.org· 14 Aug 2026

Meanwhile, a fire in Blaenavon, Torfaen, could be smelt as far away as Cardiff.

BBC News· 7 Aug 2026

Etymology 1

From Middle English smelt, from Old English smelt, from Proto-Germanic *smeltaz.

Etymology 2

From very early Middle English smel; likely to derive from Old English, but not recorded.

Etymology 3

From Middle Dutch smelten (“to melt”) or Middle Low German smelten (“to melt”), from Old Dutch smeltan or Old Saxon smeltan, both from Proto-West Germanic smeltan, from Proto-Germanic *smeltaną (“to melt”). Related to English melt and Old English meltan (“to melt”). Cognate to Dutch smelten, German schmelzen.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin gem-pro *smeltaz
Level C2 · Proficiency
Frequency Occasional
Updated