English Reference
verb · noun

swerve

v. · n.
US /ˈswɝv/ UK /swˈɜːv/ swerve UK spelling swerved, swerves

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to change direction very quickly while driving or moving to avoid hitting something.

    v.to deviate suddenly from a straight course, typically in order to avoid a collision.

    Simple

    The driver had to swerve to avoid a cat that ran into the road.

    In context

    The cyclist was forced to swerve sharply into the breakdown lane to avoid a car door that had been opened without warning.

    Usage

    Intransitive; often followed by 'to avoid' or 'into'.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced Slang

    v.to stay away from someone or something you do not like or want to deal with.

    v.to deliberately avoid, snub, or bypass a person, social obligation, or situation.

    Simple

    I decided to swerve the party because I knew my ex-boyfriend would be there.

    In context

    He tried to swerve the difficult conversation by pretending he had an urgent phone call to take.

    Usage

    Transitive; takes a direct object (the person or event being avoided).

    Teacher's tip

    This sense is common in British slang; learners should be aware it sounds very informal and slightly dismissive.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.a quick, sharp turn to one side while moving.

    n.an act of swerving; a sudden change of direction.

    Simple

    A sudden swerve of the bus sent several passengers sliding across their seats.

    In context

    The pilot managed a controlled swerve on the runway to stay clear of the debris left by the previous aircraft.

Union officials will push for JLR to swerve compulsory job losses in favour of retraining or voluntary redundancy where possible.

The Guardian· 6 Sept 2026

From Middle English swerven, swarven, from Old English sweorfan (“to file; rub; polish; scour; turn aside”), from Proto-Germanic swerbaną (“to rub off; wipe; mop”), from Proto-Indo-European swerbʰ- (“to turn; wipe; sweep”). Cognate with West Frisian swerve (“to wander; roam; swerve”), Dutch zwerven (“to wander; stray; roam”), Low German swarven (“to swerve; wander; riot”), Swedish dialectal svärva (“to wipe”), Icelandic sverfa (“to file”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *swerbʰ-
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Occasional
Updated