English Reference

Word

synod

Phoneticssyn·od, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈsɪnəd/

UK/sˈɪnɒd/

Definitions

01church council

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Religion Formal

n. a formal meeting of church leaders to discuss and decide on religious matters.

n. an ecclesiastical council or assembly of delegates convened to consult on church doctrine, administration, or law.

“The bishops gathered for a synod to discuss changes to the church rules.”

“The national synod convened to deliberate on the proposed amendments to the liturgy, drawing representatives from every diocese in the country.”

Usage

Often used with 'the' as a proper noun when referring to a specific historical or governing body.

02church administrative division

C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Religion Technical · Formal

n. a specific group or district of churches within a larger religious organization.

n. a regional or administrative division of a denomination, particularly within Lutheran or Presbyterian traditions.

“Our local church belongs to the regional synod of the Midwest.”

“The synod voted to allocate additional funding to urban ministries, reflecting the administrative priorities of the district's leadership.”

Synonyms

districtdiocesejudicatory

03astronomical conjunction

C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Science Technical · Archaic

n. a rare meeting or coming together of two or more planets or stars in the sky.

n. a conjunction or alignment of two or more celestial bodies.

“Ancient astronomers recorded the rare synod of Jupiter and Saturn.”

“The rare planetary synod provided a unique opportunity for researchers to calibrate their instruments against multiple bright sources simultaneously.”

Teaching tip

This sense is largely obsolete in modern observational astronomy, which prefers the term 'conjunction'.

Real-World Examples

“A cardinal post will also go to Maltese Mario Grech, the head of the Synod of Bishops, an influential advisory body for the pope.”
BBC News 25 Oct 2020

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σύνοδος (súnodos, “assembly, meeting”) – from σύν (sún, “with”) (English syn-) + ὁδός (hodós, “way, path”). Compare also with the term סַנְהֶדְרִין (“sanhedrin”) common throughout Hebrew Talmudic literature.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Domain

Astronomy

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C2 ProficiencyIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.8.5–9.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 6.0114–120
Frequency
Frequent
Level
C2 · Proficiency
Updated

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English Reference