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tortoise

n. countable
B1 Intermediate US //ˈtɔɹtəs// UK //tˈɔːtəs// tor·toise

n. a slow-moving animal with a hard shell that lives on land. Unlike turtles, they do not live in the water.

n. a terrestrial reptile of the family Testudinidae, characterised by a heavy, domed shell and stumpy, elephant-like feet.


SIMPLE

The tortoise moved slowly across the garden.

CONTEXTUAL

Because a tortoise lives entirely on land, it lacks the flippers or webbed feet found in its aquatic relatives.

COMPLEX

The giant tortoise is famous for its remarkable longevity, with some individuals documented to have lived for over a century and a half in protected island habitats.

Origin

From Middle English tortuse, tortuce, tortuge, from Medieval Latin tortuca, of uncertain origin. May be from Late Latin tartarūcha, from tartarūchus, from Ancient Greek ταρταροῦχος (tartaroûkhos, “holder of Tartaros, Tartarus, the land of the dead in ancient stories”), because it used to be thought that tortoises and turtles came from the underworld and they were commonly paired with such infernal beasts; see Τάρταρος (Tártaros). Or, from Latin tortus (“twisted”). The French-looking Modern English spelling tortoise may be influenced by porpoise. Displaced native Old English byrdling.

Usage

Often distinguished from 'turtle' in British English, where 'turtle' refers specifically to sea-dwelling species.

Pitfall

The tortoise swam in the seaThe turtle swam in the seaTortoises are strictly land-dwelling animals; aquatic species are called turtles.

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