English Reference
noun · adjective · verb

trojan

n. · adj. · v.
US /ˈtɹoʊdʒən/ tro·jan UK spelling trojans

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.a person who lived in the ancient city of Troy.

    n.a native or inhabitant of the ancient city of Troy, famously involved in the Trojan War.

    Simple

    The story tells of how the Trojans defended their city for ten years.

    In context

    Archaeological evidence suggests that the Trojans maintained a sophisticated trading network across the Aegean long before the city's legendary fall.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Computing

    n.a harmful computer program that looks like a normal, safe file.

    n.a type of malware that misleads users of its true intent by appearing to be a legitimate or desirable application.

    Simple

    He accidentally downloaded a trojan while trying to install a free game.

    In context

    The security audit revealed a sophisticated trojan that had been exfiltrating sensitive data under the guise of a system update.

    Usage

    Often used as a shortened form of 'Trojan horse'.

  3. 03 C2 Proficiency British EnglishInformal

    n.someone who works very hard or shows great strength and courage.

    n.a person who demonstrates exceptional pluck, endurance, or determination in a task.

    Simple

    She worked like a trojan to get the project finished by the deadline.

    In context

    Despite the freezing conditions, the volunteers worked like trojans to clear the blocked roads before the morning commute.

  4. 04 C2 Proficiency Technical Science

    n.an asteroid or moon that follows the same path as a larger planet.

    n.an asteroid or natural satellite that shares the orbit of a larger planet, remaining near stable points.

    Simple

    Jupiter has thousands of trojans that follow it around the sun.

    In context

    The mission was designed to study the composition of the Jovian trojans to better understand the early formation of the solar system.

  5. 05 B2 Upper Intermediate

    adj.connected to the ancient city of Troy or its people.

    adj.of or relating to the ancient city of Troy, its inhabitants, or the legendary war fought there.

    Simple

    The Trojan War is one of the most famous stories in history.

    In context

    The museum features a collection of Trojan pottery discovered during the late nineteenth-century excavations.

  6. 06 C2 Proficiency TechnicalSlang Computing

    v.to put a harmful program onto a computer system.

    v.to infect a computer or network with a trojan horse program.

    Simple

    The hackers managed to trojan the server through a weak password.

    In context

    Once the attackers had successfully trojaned the workstation, they gained persistent access to the internal corporate network.

This well-known section lists the Greek forces preparing for the Trojan War and is considered one of the best-known passages in Western literature.

ScienceDaily· 15 Jul 2026

From old forms Troyan, Troian, Middle English Troiā̆n, from Old English Trōiān, from Latin Troiānus, from Troia (“Troy”) + -ānus, from Ancient Greek Τροίᾱ (Troíā).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Ancient Greek Τροίᾱ
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated