English Reference

Word

tumultuous

Phoneticstu·mul·tuous

US/ˌtuˈməɫˌtʃuəs/

UK/tjuːmˈʌltʃuːəs/

Definitions

01loud and excited

C1

adj. very loud and full of energy, usually because a large crowd is excited or cheering.

adj. characterized by loud, confused noise, typically involving a large group of people expressing strong emotion.

“The singer was greeted by tumultuous applause as she walked onto the stage.”

“The prime minister's arrival was met with a tumultuous reception, as supporters and protesters alike shouted to be heard above the din.”

Literary

Synonyms

Antonyms

02chaotic and changing

C1

adj. full of confusion, change, or trouble.

adj. marked by tumult, upheaval, or violent agitation; often used to describe historical periods or personal relationships.

“After a tumultuous year of job changes and moving house, they finally felt settled.”

“The country underwent a tumultuous transition to democracy, marked by frequent cabinet reshuffles and widespread civil unrest.”

Academic

Real-World Examples

“Saudi Pro League side Al-Hilal have had four offers rejected for Watkins - whose time at Villa now appears to be at a tumultuous end.”
BBC News · 24 Aug 2026
“The BBC's Helena Wilkinson looks back over the tumultuous relationship between the brothers and how Prince Harry's return may be received.”
BBC News · 20 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Old French tumultuous (modern French tumultueux), from Latin tumultuōsus (“restless, turbulent”), from tumultus (“disturbance, uproar, violent commotion, tumult; agitation, disturbance, excitement”) + -ōsus (suffix meaning ‘full of, prone to’ forming adjectives from nouns).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

tumultNountumultuousAdjective

This entry

Level
C1 · Advanced
Frequency
Occasional
Updated

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English Reference