English Reference

Word

utilitarian

Phoneticsutil·i·tar·i·an

US/juˌtɪɫəˈtɛɹiən/

UK/jˌuːtɪlɪtˈeəɹiən/

Definitions

01practical and functional

C1 · Advanced Academic

adj. designed to be useful and practical rather than attractive or comfortable.

adj. designed for utility and function rather than aesthetic appeal or ornamentation.

“The factory workers wore utilitarian uniforms that were tough but not very stylish.”

“The architect's utilitarian approach resulted in a building that was highly efficient for storage but lacked any decorative character.”

02relating to utilitarianism

C1 · Advanced Academic

adj. relating to the idea that the best action is the one that helps the most people.

adj. pertaining to the ethical theory of utilitarianism, which posits that the best action is the one that maximises overall utility or happiness.

“From a utilitarian perspective, the new road is good because it helps thousands of drivers.”

“The committee adopted a utilitarian framework to decide how to distribute the limited medical supplies during the crisis.”

Synonyms

pragmaticconsequentialist

03a follower of utilitarianism

C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Academic · Formal

n. someone who believes that we should always try to do the most good for the greatest number of people.

n. an adherent or advocate of the ethical doctrine of utilitarianism.

“As a utilitarian, she argued that the budget should focus on public health rather than art.”

“Early utilitarians like Jeremy Bentham argued that social policies should be judged solely by their ability to increase collective pleasure.”

Synonyms

pragmatist

Real-World Examples

“Princess telephones:  The utilitarian black rotary telephone got an upgrade to meet the demands of the teen market.”
Smithsonian Magazine 17 Jun 2026
“The Fairphone may not be everyone’s style, but I like the utilitarian vibe.”
Ars Technica 4 Sept 2026

Etymology

From utility + -arian. Coined by English philosopher Jeremy Bentham as early as 1781, and popularized by his student John Stuart Mill, who mistakenly attributed the term to John Galt.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

ADJECTIVE

utilitarian(C1)

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Occasional
Level
C1 · Advanced
Updated

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