ENGLISH
REFERENCE

you

pron.
A1 Beginner Oxford US //ˈju// UK //jˈuː// you Archaic General-service Informal

pron. the person or people that the speaker is talking to. It can be used for one person or for a group.

pron. The second-person pronoun, referring to the person or people being addressed. It serves as both the subject and object form and can be used impersonally to mean 'one' or 'people in general'.


SIMPLE

You are a good friend.

CONTEXTUAL

When you finish your homework, you can watch television.

COMPLEX

You learn from experience that it's often better to listen first and speak second.

Origin

From Middle English you, yow, ȝow (object case of ye), from Old English ēow (“you”, dative case of ġē), from Proto-West Germanic iwwi (“you”, dative case of jiʀ), from Proto-Germanic iwwiz (“you”, dative case of jīz), the Western form of Proto-Germanic izwiz (“you”, dative case of jūz), from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs (“you”, plural). Cognate with Scots you (“you”), Saterland Frisian jou (“you”), West Frisian jo (“you”), Low German jo, joe and oe (“you”), Dutch jou and u (“you”), German euch (“you”), Middle High German eu, iu (“you”, object pronoun), Latin vōs (“you”), Avestan 𐬬𐬋 (vō, “you”), Ashkun yë̃ (“you”), Kamkata-viri šo (“you”), Sanskrit यूयम् (yūyám, “you”). See usage notes. Ye, you and your are cognate with Dutch jij/je, jou, jouw; Low German ji, jo/ju, jug and German ihr, euch and euer respectively. Ye is also cognate with Danish I and archaic Swedish I.

Usage

Functions as both the subject and object form of the second-person pronoun. It is used for both singular and plural referents.

Pitfall

Your welcomeYou're welcomeLearners often confuse the possessive determiner 'your' with the contraction 'you're' (you are).

© 2026 English Reference