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afraid

US //əˈfɹeɪd// UK //ɐfɹˈeɪd// afraid
  1. 1 polite regret (adj.)
    A2 Elementary Formal

    a polite way to say 'sorry' when giving bad news or saying no.

    used to introduce a statement that is likely to be unwelcome or disappointing to the listener.

    Example

    I'm afraid that all the tickets for the concert are sold out.

    Example

    I am afraid I cannot attend the gala this evening, as a prior engagement requires my presence elsewhere.

    Usage

    Commonly followed by a 'that' clause or used as a standalone response.

  2. 2 worried about (adj.)
    B1 Intermediate

    feeling worried that something bad might happen to someone or something.

    feeling concern or anxiety regarding a potential negative outcome for a person or situation.

    Example

    She was afraid for her brother when he didn't come home on time.

    Example

    The doctors were afraid for the patient's recovery after the complications during the initial surgery.

    Usage

    Often takes the preposition 'for'.

Origin

From Middle English affrayed, affraied, past participle of afraien (“to affray”), from Anglo-Norman afrayer (“to terrify, disquiet, disturb”), from Old French effreer, esfreer (“to disturb, remove the peace from”), from es- (“out”) + freer (“to secure, secure the peace”), from Frankish friþu (“security, peace”), from Proto-Germanic friþuz (“peace”), from Proto-Germanic frijōną (“to free; to love”), from Proto-Indo-European prāy-, *prēy- (“to like, love”). By surface analysis, affray + -ed. Compare also afeard. More at free, friend.

Idioms1 entry

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