English Reference
noun

ale

n.
US /ˈeɪɫ/ UK /ˈeɪl/ ale UK spelling ales

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    a type of beer that is brewed quickly at warm temperatures, often tasting fruity or bitter.

    a fermented malt beverage produced through warm fermentation with top-fermenting yeast.

    Simple

    The pub serves several local ales that are very popular with the villagers.

    In context

    While lagers dominate the global market, traditional ales remain a staple of British pub culture due to their diverse range of flavours and textures.

    Usage

    Often used as a countable noun when referring to a specific variety or glass of the drink.

  2. 02 C2 Proficiency ArchaicBritish English

    a country festival or party in old England where people drank a lot of beer.

    a rural festival or merrymaking event in historical England, named after the primary beverage consumed there.

    Simple

    The village held a church ale every spring to raise money for repairs.

    In context

    Historical records suggest that the 'Whitsun ale' was a vital social event for the medieval peasantry, combining religious observance with communal celebration.

    Teacher's tip

    This sense is archaic; modern learners will almost exclusively encounter 'ale' as a type of beverage.


From Middle English ale, from Old English ealu, ealo, from Proto-West Germanic alu, from Proto-Germanic alu (compare Dutch aal, Swedish öl), from Proto-Indo-European h₂elut- (“beer”), or h₂elu- (“bitter”). Compare Russian ол (ol), Lithuanian alùs, Armenian օղի (ōġi); compare also Latin alum (“comfrey”), alūta (“tawed leather”), Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, “bitter”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *h₂elut-
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated