English Reference
noun · verb

alloy

n. · v.
US /ˈæˌɫɔɪ/ al·loy UK spelling alloy's, alloy's, alloying

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Technical Science

    n.a metal made by mixing two or more types of metal together to make it stronger or better.

    n.a metallic substance composed of two or more elements, typically to enhance properties such as strength, corrosion resistance, or conductivity.

    Simple

    Brass is a common alloy made by mixing copper and zinc.

    In context

    The aerospace industry relies on titanium alloys because they offer an exceptional strength-to-weight ratio and can withstand extreme temperatures.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced Literary

    n.a mix of different things, qualities, or feelings.

    n.a mixture or fusion of different non-physical elements, such as emotions or ideas.

    Simple

    The book was a strange alloy of adventure and philosophy.

    In context

    Her happiness was a complex alloy of relief that the ordeal was over and sadness for those left behind.

    Teacher's tip

    This figurative use is mostly found in formal literature and may sound overly poetic in everyday conversation.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced Technical Science

    v.to mix one metal with another.

    v.to combine different metals or elements to form an alloy.

    Simple

    The factory alloys aluminum with magnesium to create car parts.

    In context

    By alloying the base metal with chromium, the manufacturer significantly improved the durability of the final product.

  4. 04 C2 Proficiency LiteraryArchaic

    v.to make something less pure or less good by adding something else to it.

    v.to debase, impair, or reduce the purity of something by adding an inferior substance or quality.

    Simple

    His joy was alloyed by the thought of the work he still had to do.

    In context

    The victory was alloyed by the heavy casualties sustained during the final assault, leaving the commander in a somber mood.

    Usage

    Commonly used in the passive voice or as a past participle to describe feelings.

    taintdebasespoil

Under the extreme pressures and temperatures in Earth's inner core, iron alloys containing light elements are predicted to enter an unusual state of matter known as the superionic state.

Phys.org· 21 Aug 2026

If everything goes to plan, from 31 August the researchers will spend one week remotely studying metallic-glass alloys in experiments carried out on board the International Space Station, ISS.

Phys.org· 20 Aug 2026

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Middle French alloy, aloy, from Old French aloi, from aloiier, from Latin alligō.

Etymology 2

Modification of Middle English alayen after Etymology 1, from Middle French allayer, vairant of allier, from Old French allier (“assemble, join”), from Latin alligare (“bind to, tie to”), compound of ad (“to”) + ligare (“to bind”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin alligō
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated