English Reference
noun · verb

ancestor

n. · v.
US /ˈænˌsɛstɝ/ UK /ˈænsɛstɐ/ an·ces·tor UK spelling ancestor's, ancestor's

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.a person in your family who lived a long time ago, such as a great-great-grandparent.

    n.a person from whom one is descended, typically more remote than a grandparent.

    Simple

    She discovered that one of her ancestors was a famous explorer in the 1800s.

    In context

    Genetic testing revealed that his ancestors had migrated from Central Asia several centuries before settling in the coastal region.

    forebearprogenitorforefather
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Science

    n.an early type of animal or machine that later versions developed from.

    n.an earlier type of a species or a mechanical device that served as a precursor to modern forms.

    Simple

    The small, three-toed horse is a distant ancestor of the modern horse.

    In context

    The massive mainframe computers of the 1960s are the direct ancestors of the sleek laptops we use today.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced Technical Science

    n.a word from an old language that a modern word comes from.

    n.a word or phrase in a parent language that serves as the etymological origin for a term in a daughter language.

    Simple

    The Latin word 'pater' is the ancestor of the English word 'father'.

    In context

    Linguists reconstructed the Proto-Indo-European ancestor of several modern European verbs to understand how the grammar evolved over millennia.

    etymonroot
  4. 04 C2 Proficiency FormalTechnical Law

    n.the person who owned a property or land before the current owner inherited it.

    n.the person from whom an estate or title has been derived by right of inheritance.

    Simple

    The family could trace the ownership of the farm back to a single ancestor.

    In context

    Under the current statutes, the rights of the heir are strictly tied to the contractual obligations left by the ancestor.

  5. 05 C2 Proficiency Formal

    v.to be the person or thing that someone or something else comes from.

    v.to function as the progenitor or earlier version of a specific descendant.

    Simple

    These ancient traditions ancestor many of the customs we still practice today.

    In context

    It is theorised that a small population of flightless birds ancestored the diverse species now found across the archipelago.

    Usage

    This verb is transitive and requires a direct object.

Usage ancestors of today's

New research suggests that no matter what we eventually determine the last common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees to be, we'll learn it was a primate that climbed trees.

Phys.org· 17 Aug 2026

Finding their earliest ancestors, however, is extremely difficult.

ScienceDaily· 17 Aug 2026

From Middle English ancestre, auncestre, ancessour; the first forms from Old French ancestre (modern French ancêtre), from the Latin nominative antecessor (“one who goes before”); the last form from Old French ancessor, from Latin antecessōrem, accusative of antecessor, from antecēdō (“to go before”) + -tor (“-er”), from ante- (“before”) + cēdō (“to go”). See cede, and compare with antecessor.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Old French ancessor
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated