English Reference
noun · verb

ash

n. · v.
US /ˈæʃ/ UK /ˈæʃ/ ash UK spelling ashed

  1. 01 A2 Elementary

    n.the soft, grey or black powder that is left after something has finished burning.

    n.the solid, powdery residue remaining after the complete combustion of a substance.

    Simple

    He carefully brushed the white ash from the fireplace before starting a new fire.

    In context

    The volcanic eruption blanketed the surrounding villages in a thick layer of caustic grey ash, grounding all local flights for a week.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.a common forest tree with silver-grey bark and leaves that grow in pairs.

    n.any tree of the genus Fraxinus, known for its tough, elastic wood and pinnate leaves.

    Simple

    The old ash tree in the garden provided plenty of shade during the summer.

    In context

    The spread of the emerald ash borer has devastated native populations of Fraxinus excelsior across much of the continent.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.the remains of a person's body after it has been burned (cremated).

    n.the cremated remains of a human or animal body. Usually plural in this sense.

    Simple

    The family gathered to scatter his ashes in the mountains he loved.

    In context

    In accordance with her final wishes, her ashes were interred in the family plot beneath the ancient oak.

  4. 04 C2 Proficiency Technical

    n.the name for the joined letters 'ae' used in Old English writing.

    n.the name of the ligature 'æ', representing a specific vowel sound in Old English and modern phonetic transcription.

    Simple

    The word 'apple' was written with an ash at the start in Old English.

    In context

    The scribe consistently employed the ash ligature to denote the near-open front unrounded vowel in the manuscript's later folios.

  5. 05 C1 Advanced Informal

    v.to knock the burnt end off a cigarette or cigar.

    v.to flick or remove the accumulated burnt residue from the tip of a lit cigarette or cigar.

    Simple

    She paused to ash her cigarette in the glass tray on the table.

    In context

    He absentmindedly ashed his cigar into the potted plant while listening to the briefing.

Drifting ash caused by an eruption from Mount Etna has led to hundreds of flights being cancelled in the past week.

Sky News· 14 Aug 2026

Etna erupts often, but it usually doesn’t release this much ash, an expert said.

The New York Times· 13 Aug 2026
This entry
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Common
Updated