English Reference

Phrasal verb

bulk out

Definitions

01to add substance to a text or idea

B2

phr.v. to make a piece of writing or an idea longer or more detailed by adding more information.

phr.v. to increase the length or substance of a document, argument, or plan by adding supplementary material.

“I need to bulk out my essay with a few more examples before I hand it in.”

“The researcher decided to bulk out the literature review section to ensure the theoretical framework appeared sufficiently robust for the committee.”

Usage

Transitive; the object can be placed between 'bulk' and 'out' or after the particle.

Teaching tip

Often carries a slight nuance of adding material just to meet a requirement, similar to 'padding'.

Antonyms

02to increase physical volume

B2

phr.v. to make something physically larger or thicker by adding more of a substance.

phr.v. to increase the physical mass or volume of an object or mixture by adding filler or additional ingredients.

“You can bulk out the soup by adding some extra potatoes and carrots.”

“The manufacturer used cereal grains to bulk out the processed meat products, significantly reducing production costs while maintaining volume.”

Usage

Commonly used in cooking and manufacturing contexts.

Synonyms

Antonyms

03to gain muscle or body mass

B2 · Sport

phr.v. to make your body bigger or more muscular through exercise and eating more.

phr.v. to increase one's body mass or muscularity, typically through a combination of hypertrophy training and caloric surplus.

“He spent the winter at the gym trying to bulk out his shoulders.”

“After months of intensive weightlifting and a high-protein diet, the athlete managed to bulk out significantly for the upcoming season.”

Informal

Usage

Can be used both transitively (to bulk out a specific muscle) and intransitively.

Teaching tip

In modern fitness contexts, 'bulk up' is more common, but 'bulk out' is frequently used for specific body parts.

Synonyms

Antonyms

slim downlean out

Teaching tip

connect this to the noun 'bulk' (large size); it often carries a slight negative nuance of adding 'filler' rather than high-quality content.

Phrasal verb

Particles

out

Separability

optional

Pattern

bulk + object + out

Synonyms

Antonyms

Grammar

This entry

Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Updated

Scan code

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