English Reference
phrasal verb

burn down

phr.v.

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate

    to destroy a building or structure completely with fire.

    to cause a building or structure to be consumed entirely by fire. Transitive use requires an object.

    Simple

    The angry crowd threatened to burn down the old factory.

    In context

    The invading forces systematically burned down every administrative building in the capital to erase all records of the previous government.

    Usage

    When used transitively, the object can sit between 'burn' and 'down'.

    incinerateraze
  2. 02 B1 Intermediate

    to be destroyed by fire until nothing is left.

    to be consumed by fire until the structure collapses or disappears. Intransitive use takes no direct object.

    Simple

    The wooden barn burned down in less than an hour.

    In context

    By the time the fire department arrived at the remote location, the historic cottage had already burned down to its foundations.

    Usage

    This is the intransitive form where the building itself is the subject.

Teaching tip

contrast with 'burn up' which often refers to smaller objects or the feeling of heat; 'down' emphasizes the collapse of the structure to the ground.

Particles
down
Separability
optional
Pattern
burn + (object) + down
This entry
Level B1 · Intermediate
Updated