English Reference

Word

burst

US/ˈbɝst/

UK/bˈɜːst/

Irregular verb

Forms

Infinitive

burst

Past

burst

Past participle

burst

Definitions

01to break open

B1 · Intermediate

v. to break open suddenly because there is too much pressure inside.

v. to rupture or break open violently as a result of internal pressure.

“The balloon burst when it touched the sharp branch of the tree.”

“The water pipes burst during the night because the temperature dropped well below freezing, causing the water inside to expand.”

Pitfall

The balloon bursted when he touched it.

The balloon burst when he touched it.

The past tense and past participle of 'burst' is 'burst', not 'bursted'.

02to move suddenly

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to move somewhere very quickly and suddenly, often through a door.

v. to enter or exit a space hurriedly and unexpectedly.

“The children burst into the room to show their parents the new puppy.”

“The protesters burst through the security gates before the guards had a chance to react to the sudden surge of the crowd.”

Synonyms

03to start suddenly

B1 · Intermediate

v. to suddenly start doing something, like crying, laughing, or singing.

v. to suddenly begin an activity or change state, often used with 'into'.

“The audience burst into laughter after the comedian told the final joke.”

“She burst into tears upon hearing the news, unable to contain her relief after weeks of stressful uncertainty.”

Synonyms

04a sudden increase

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a short, sudden period of energy, emotion, or activity.

n. a sudden, intense, and brief manifestation or display of something.

“A sudden burst of energy helped him finish the race in first place.”

“The athlete relied on a final burst of speed to overtake his rivals in the closing meters of the marathon.”

05gunfire or explosion

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Military Technical

n. a short series of shots from a gun or a sudden explosion.

n. a series of shots fired from an automatic weapon or the detonation of an explosive device.

“We heard a short burst of gunfire coming from the training range.”

“The soldiers were trained to fire in short, controlled bursts to maintain accuracy and conserve ammunition during the engagement.”

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “burst” in context.

Verb

01. burst into tears

“When she heard the news, she unexpectedly burst into tears.”

verb + prep + noun

02. burst into laughter

“The entire audience burst into laughter after the comedian's punchline.”

verb + prep + noun

03. burst through the door

“The children burst through the door as soon as the school bell rang.”

verb + prep + noun

04. suddenly burst

“The old water pipe suddenly burst, flooding the entire basement.”

adv + verb

Noun

05. bubble burst

“Investors lost millions when the tech bubble finally burst.”

noun + verb

06. burst of applause

“A spontaneous burst of applause erupted when the soloist finished her performance.”

noun + of + noun

07. burst of energy

“A sudden burst of energy helped him finish the marathon in record time.”

noun + of + noun

Preposition

08. bursting at the seams

“The stadium was bursting at the seams with excited football fans.”

verb + prep + noun

Real-World Examples

“A group of South Korean tourists burst into enthusiastic applause.”
The Local 13 Aug 2026
“Seven years ago, Jonny Trunk entered the house of a hoarder in Stockport that was bursting at the seams with a goldmine of British ephemera from the last half century.”
The Guardian 11 Aug 2026
“A passenger had been using a battery pack during the flight, and it had overheated before bursting into flames with a seat catching fire.”
BBC News 6 Aug 2026
“When the results were shared with the wider team "the room spontaneously burst into applause", Hie recalls.”
BBC News 6 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English bresten, bersten, from Old English berstan, from Proto-West Germanic brestan, from Proto-Germanic brestaną, from Proto-Indo-European bʰres- (“to burst, break, crack, split, separate”), enlargement of bʰreHi- (“to snip, split”). See also West Frisian boarste, Dutch barsten, Danish briste, Swedish brista; also Irish bris (“to break”)). More at brine. Also cognate to debris.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

VERB

burst(C1)

Related words

Idioms

Domain

Military

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Common
Level
C1 · AdvancedOxford
Updated

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