calculus

n. a branch of advanced mathematics that deals with how things change, such as the speed of a moving object.

n. the branch of mathematics that deals with the finding and properties of derivatives and integrals of functions. Uncountable in this sense.

“She had to study calculus in her first year of engineering at university.”

“The physics professor explained how integral calculus could be used to determine the exact volume of an irregular solid.”

n. hard, yellowish substance that forms on teeth when they are not cleaned properly.

n. a hard yellowish deposit on the teeth, consisting of calcium phosphate and organic matter. Uncountable in this dental context.

“Regular brushing helps prevent the buildup of calculus on your teeth.”

“The dental hygienist used a specialized tool to remove the stubborn calculus that had accumulated below the gum line.”

Technical

n. a small, hard stone that forms inside an organ like the kidney.

n. a concretion of minerals formed within the body, especially in the kidney or gallbladder. Countable in this medical sense.

“The doctor found a small calculus in the patient's gallbladder.”

“The surgeon successfully removed a renal calculus that had been causing the patient significant discomfort for several months.”

Technical

n. a way of calculating or thinking about a situation to make a decision.

n. a particular method or system of calculation or reasoning, often applied to political or social strategy.

“The political calculus changed after the new law was passed.”

“The CEO's strategic calculus involved weighing the potential for rapid growth against the significant risks of entering an unstable market.”

Academic · Formal