English Reference

Word

cup

US/ˈkəp/

UK/kˈʌp/

Definitions

01drinking vessel

A1 · Beginner Countable noun

n. a small, round container used for drinking, often with a handle.

n. a small, open-topped vessel for liquids, typically featuring a handle and made of ceramic or porcelain.

“She sat by the window with a hot cup of tea and a book.”

“The waiter carefully placed the delicate porcelain cup on the saucer, ensuring the handle was turned toward the guest.”

Pitfall

I drank a cup of water.

I drank a glass of water.

Use 'cup' for hot drinks like tea or coffee; use 'glass' for cold water or juice.

Synonyms

02unit of measurement

A2 · Elementary Countable noun Cooking American English

n. a unit used in cooking to measure ingredients.

n. a unit of volume used in culinary contexts, standardized in the US as approximately 236 millilitres.

“The recipe says you need one cup of flour and two eggs.”

“For the perfect consistency, the baker added exactly half a cup of lukewarm water to the dry yeast mixture.”

Usage

Often used as a countable noun in recipes.

Teaching tip

Note that 'cup' as a measurement is very common in American recipes but less common in European ones, where grams are preferred.

Synonyms

03sports trophy

A2 · Elementary Countable noun Sports

n. a large metal trophy shaped like a cup, given to the winner of a race or game.

n. an ornamental trophy, often made of precious metal, awarded as a prize in a sporting competition or tournament.

“The captain held the silver cup high after the team won the final.”

“After a grueling season, the club finally secured the cup, marking their first major tournament victory in over a decade.”

Usage

Often capitalized when referring to a specific tournament, like the World Cup.

Synonyms

04clothing part

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. one of the two parts of a bra that covers a breast.

n. either of the two shaped parts of a brassiere designed to support and cover the breasts.

“She needed a different bra because the cup size was too small.”

“The designer focused on creating a seamless cup that would remain invisible even under the thinnest silk fabrics.”

Usage

Usually refers to the size, such as 'B cup' or 'C cup'.

05protective gear

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Sports American English

n. a hard plastic cover worn by male athletes to protect their genitals.

n. a rigid, concave protective shell worn by male athletes to prevent injury to the groin area.

“Baseball players always wear a cup for protection during the game.”

“The coach reminded the junior players that wearing a protective cup was mandatory for all contact drills.”

Teaching tip

In British English, this piece of equipment is more commonly referred to as a 'box'.

Synonyms

06to hold with curved hands

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to curve your hands into a round shape to hold something.

v. to form the hands into a concave shape or to hold something within hands so formed.

“He cupped his hands to catch the water falling from the pipe.”

“She gently cupped the injured bird in her palms, shielding it from the cold wind until they reached the shelter.”

Usage

Transitive verb; requires a direct object.

Synonyms

Real-World Examples

“The current World Cup trophy design has been in use since 1974.”
BBC Sport 15 Jun 2026
“Using volumetric cup measures is extremely inaccurate for compressible foods like flour.”
Serious Eats 3 Nov 2025
“The cup was presented to winning teams from 1911 until it was replaced in 1992 by a new trophy of the same design.”
BBC News 28 Mar 2016

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English cuppe, coppe, from the merger of Old English cuppe (“cup”) and Old English copp (“cup, vessel”). Old English cuppe is a borrowing from Late Latin cuppa, itself of obscure origin, but probably from earlier Latin cūpa (“tub, cask”), from Proto-Indo-European kewp- (“a hollow”). Old English copp, however, is from Proto-West Germanic kopp (“round object, bowl, vessel, knoll, summit, crown of the head”), from Proto-Germanic kuppaz, from Proto-Indo-European gew- (“to bend, curve, arch”) (whence also obsolete English cop (“top, summit, crown of the head”), German Kopf (“top, head”)). The Middle English word was further reinforced by Anglo-Norman cupe and Old French cope, coupe, from Latin cuppa. Compare also Saterland Frisian Kop (“cup”), West Frisian kop (“cup”), Dutch kop (“cup”), German Low German Koppke, Köppke (“cup”), Danish kop (“cup”), Swedish kopp (“cup”). Doublet of coupe, hive, and keeve.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

Idioms

Domains

EngineeringMathematicsMedicineSportsSurgery

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A1 MoversIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.2.0–3.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 1.0–1.50–23TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.120–224
Frequency
Very common
Level
A1 · BeginnerOxford
Updated

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English Reference