English Reference
adjective · verb · noun

calm

adj. · v. · n.
US /ˈkɑɫm/ UK /kˈɑːm/ calm UK spelling calms

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate

    adj.peaceful, quiet, and not worried or angry.

    adj.characterised by a lack of agitation, excitement, or negative emotional disturbance.

    Simple

    It is important to stay calm during an emergency so you can think clearly.

    In context

    Despite the chaotic atmosphere in the courtroom, the witness remained remarkably calm while delivering her testimony.

  2. 02 B1 Intermediate

    adj.without wind or waves.

    adj.describing a body of water with a smooth surface or an atmosphere lacking significant wind.

    Simple

    The sea was so calm that it looked like a giant mirror.

    In context

    The sailors took advantage of the calm morning to perform routine maintenance on the ship's exterior hull.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced SlangBritish English

    adj.good, cool, or alright.

    adj.used to express that something is acceptable, satisfactory, or of good quality.

    Simple

    Don't worry about the money, it's calm.

    In context

    He told me the situation was calm, so I didn't feel the need to intervene further.

    Teacher's tip

    This usage is specific to Multicultural London English (MLE) and is very informal; learners should avoid it in professional settings.

    bad
  4. 04 B1 Intermediate

    v.to stop feeling angry, upset, or excited, or to help someone else do this.

    v.to reduce agitation or excitement in oneself or another person. Often used with the particle 'down'.

    Simple

    The mother tried to calm her crying baby by singing a soft song.

    In context

    The mediator worked tirelessly to calm the opposing parties before the formal negotiations began.

    Usage

    Commonly used as a phrasal verb 'calm down' in both transitive and intransitive contexts.

    soothequietenpacify
    agitateexciteprovoke
  5. 05 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.a period of time or a feeling that is peaceful and quiet.

    n.a state of tranquility or the absence of disturbance, whether emotional or atmospheric.

    Simple

    There was a sudden calm in the house after the children went to sleep.

    In context

    The unexpected calm before the storm allowed the villagers a few precious hours to board up their windows.


From Middle English calm, calme, from Middle French calme, probably from Old Italian calma, of uncertain origin. Calma may derive from Late Latin cauma (“heat of the midday sun”), from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma, “heat, especially of the sun”), from καίω (kaíō, “to burn”), or possibly from Latin caleō. Compare also Lombardic chalm, chalma (“frozenness”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kalmaz (“frozenness, cold”). Displaced native Middle English smilte (“quiet, still, gentle”) from Old English smylte (“quiet, tranquil, calm, serene”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin caleō
Level B1 · Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated