English Reference

Word

calm

US/ˈkɑɫm/

UK/kˈɑːm/

Definitions

01peaceful and relaxed

B1 · Intermediate

adj. peaceful, quiet, and not worried or angry.

adj. characterised by a lack of agitation, excitement, or negative emotional disturbance.

“It is important to stay calm during an emergency so you can think clearly.”

“Despite the chaotic atmosphere in the courtroom, the witness remained remarkably calm while delivering her testimony.”

02still weather or water

B1 · Intermediate

adj. without wind or waves.

adj. describing a body of water with a smooth surface or an atmosphere lacking significant wind.

“The sea was so calm that it looked like a giant mirror.”

“The sailors took advantage of the calm morning to perform routine maintenance on the ship's exterior hull.”

03good or okay

C1 · Advanced Slang · British English

adj. good, cool, or alright.

adj. used to express that something is acceptable, satisfactory, or of good quality.

“Don't worry about the money, it's calm.”

“He told me the situation was calm, so I didn't feel the need to intervene further.”

Teaching tip

This usage is specific to Multicultural London English (MLE) and is very informal; learners should avoid it in professional settings.

Synonyms

Antonyms

bad

04to make or become peaceful

B1 · Intermediate

v. to stop feeling angry, upset, or excited, or to help someone else do this.

v. to reduce agitation or excitement in oneself or another person. Often used with the particle 'down'.

“The mother tried to calm her crying baby by singing a soft song.”

“The mediator worked tirelessly to calm the opposing parties before the formal negotiations began.”

Usage

Commonly used as a phrasal verb 'calm down' in both transitive and intransitive contexts.

Synonyms

soothequietenpacify

05a state of peace

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. a period of time or a feeling that is peaceful and quiet.

n. a state of tranquility or the absence of disturbance, whether emotional or atmospheric.

“There was a sudden calm in the house after the children went to sleep.”

“The unexpected calm before the storm allowed the villagers a few precious hours to board up their windows.”

Antonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “calm” in context.

Verb

01. keep calm

“Try to keep calm even if the customers are being rude to you.”

verb + adj

02. look calm

“She looked calm on the outside, but she was actually very nervous about the exam.”

verb + adj

03. remain calm

“The pilot asked the passengers to remain calm while the plane landed.”

verb + adj

04. stay calm

“It is important to stay calm during an emergency so you can think clearly.”

verb + adj

Adjective

05. calm about the situation

“He seems surprisingly calm about the situation despite losing his job.”

adj + prep

06. perfectly calm

“The sea was perfectly calm, with no waves at all this morning.”

adv + adj

Noun

07. calm voice

“The teacher spoke in a calm voice to settle the excited children.”

adj + noun

08. calm water

“We enjoyed rowing the boat across the calm water of the lake.”

adj + noun

Etymology

From Middle English calm, calme, from Middle French calme, probably from Old Italian calma, of uncertain origin. Calma may derive from Late Latin cauma (“heat of the midday sun”), from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma, “heat, especially of the sun”), from καίω (kaíō, “to burn”), or possibly from Latin caleō. Compare also Lombardic chalm, chalma (“frozenness”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kalmaz (“frozenness, cold”). Displaced native Middle English smilte (“quiet, still, gentle”) from Old English smylte (“quiet, tranquil, calm, serene”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

ADJECTIVE

calm(B1)

Related words

Idioms

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B1 PreliminaryIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.4.0–5.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 3.0–3.544–71TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.550–784
Frequency
Common
Level
B1 · IntermediateOxford
Updated

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