English Reference
verb

compose

v.
US /kəmˈpoʊz/ UK /kəmpˈəʊz/ com·pose UK spelling composes

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Music

    to write a piece of music, a poem, or a formal letter.

    to create or fashion a literary or musical work through intellectual effort.

    Simple

    He spent the entire summer in a small cabin to compose his first symphony.

    In context

    The young prodigy began to compose intricate sonatas long before he had mastered the technical nuances of music theory.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    to be the parts that form something larger.

    to constitute or make up the constituent parts of a whole.

    Simple

    Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.

    In context

    The committee is composed of representatives from every department to ensure that all voices are heard during the restructuring process.

    Usage

    Often used in the passive voice as 'be composed of'.

    Pitfall
    The team is composed by ten players. The team is composed of ten players.

    When using the passive form to describe parts, use the preposition 'of'.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced Formal

    to make yourself feel calm and controlled, especially after being upset.

    to settle or calm one's mind or features; to free from agitation.

    Simple

    She took a deep breath to compose herself before walking onto the stage.

    In context

    He paused at the threshold for a moment to compose his features, determined not to let his disappointment show to the waiting journalists.

    Usage

    Frequently used reflexively with 'myself', 'herself', etc.

    agitateupset
  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate

    to arrange the different parts of a photograph or painting in a pleasing way.

    to arrange the visual elements of a work of art or photography according to aesthetic principles.

    Simple

    The photographer took his time to compose the shot so the mountains were perfectly framed.

    In context

    By learning how to compose a scene effectively, a painter can guide the viewer's eye toward the most important details of the narrative.

  5. 05 C2 Proficiency TechnicalArchaic Computing

    to arrange letters and words into lines so they can be printed.

    to set type or arrange characters in a composing stick for the purpose of printing.

    Simple

    In the old days, workers had to compose every page by hand using metal letters.

    In context

    The apprentice spent years learning how to compose complex layouts on a traditional printing press before the industry shifted to digital methods.

    Teacher's tip

    This sense is mostly historical in physical printing but survives in digital typesetting software contexts.

    typeset
Don't confuse

compose vs comprise — Comprise describes the whole containing the parts, while compose describes the parts forming the whole.

Usage compose of · mainly compose

Jean-Jacques Rousseau claimed that he could compose only while walking.

Aeon· 1 Sept 2026

Harp is known to compose his posts on Truth Social.

BreakingNews.ie· 23 Aug 2026

From Middle English composen, from Old French composer (“to compose, compound, adjust, settle”), from com- + poser, as an adaptation of Latin componere (“to put together, compose”), from com- (“together”) + ponere (“to put, place”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin componere
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated