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conscience

n.
US //ˈkɑnʃəns// UK //kˈɒnʃəns// con·science
  1. 1 moral sense (n.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate

    the part of your mind that makes you feel guilty when you do something wrong.

    the internal faculty that distinguishes right from wrong, often acting as a guide for ethical behaviour.

    Example

    His conscience bothered him for days after he lied to his best friend.

    Example

    The whistleblower acted out of a sense of conscience, choosing to expose the corruption despite the potential risk to his career.

    Usage

    Often used with adjectives like 'guilty', 'clear', or 'troubled'.

    Pitfall
    He was not conscious of his conscience.
    He had a guilty conscience.

    Do not confuse the noun 'conscience' (moral sense) with the adjective 'conscious' (awake/aware).

  2. 2 personification of morality (n.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate

    an imaginary voice or person that represents your sense of right and wrong.

    the personification of the moral sense, frequently depicted in literature or media as an external voice or figure.

    Example

    In the movie, a small character sits on his shoulder acting as his conscience.

    Example

    The protagonist's conscience is represented by a recurring spectral figure that challenges his increasingly unethical decisions.

    • inner voice
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  1. 3 awareness or thought (n.)
    C2 Proficiency Archaic Literary

    an old-fashioned way to say 'consciousness' or being aware of something.

    the state of being aware or conscious of one's own thoughts or surroundings.

    Example

    The old book spoke of a man losing his conscience of the world around him.

    Example

    In this archaic context, the term refers not to morality but to the simple conscience of one's own existence.

    Usage

    Found primarily in historical texts or classical literature.

Origin

From Middle English conscience, from Old French conscience, from Latin conscientia (“knowledge within oneself”), from consciens, present participle of conscire (“to know, to be conscious (of wrong)”), from com- (“together”) + scire (“to know”).

Word family
Idioms1 entry

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