English Reference
noun · adjective

county

n. · adj.
US /ˈkaʊni/ UK /kˈaʊnti/ coun·ty UK spelling counties, county's, county's

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate

    n.a specific area of a country that has its own local government.

    n.a major unit of local government and administration in several countries, including the United Kingdom and the United States.

    Simple

    The local county council is responsible for repairing the roads in this area.

    In context

    Voters across the county will head to the polls next Tuesday to elect a new sheriff and several board members.

  2. 02 C2 Proficiency Archaic Law

    n.the land that was ruled by a count or countess in the past.

    n.the domain or territory historically under the jurisdiction of a count or countess.

    Simple

    In the middle ages, the count ruled over a large county in the south of France.

    In context

    The historical boundaries of the county were established during the twelfth century when the land was granted to the first count by the king.

    earldomfief
  3. 03 C1 Advanced American EnglishSlang

    n.a jail run by the local county government.

    n.a correctional facility or jail operated by a county government, typically for short-term detention.

    Simple

    He spent three nights in county after being arrested for a minor traffic violation.

    In context

    The defendant was held in county pending his bail hearing, as the state prison was reserved for those already convicted of felonies.

    jaillockup
  4. 04 C1 Advanced British English

    adj.typical of wealthy families who live in large houses in the countryside.

    adj.characteristic of the traditional landed gentry or aristocratic families associated with a particular county.

    Simple

    She wore a very county outfit of tweed and leather boots for the garden party.

    In context

    The wedding was a very county affair, attended by all the local landowners and prominent families from the surrounding estates.

    aristocraticgenteel

Usage county council · county district

Marsabit County in northern Kenya is home to the Chalbi desert.

UN News· 15 Aug 2026

County police and campus officials said there would be more information later in the day.

BreakingNews.ie· 15 Aug 2026

From Middle English countee, counte, conte, from Anglo-Norman counté, Old French conté (French comté), from Latin comitātus (“jurisdiction of a count”), from comes (“count, earl”). Cognate with Spanish condado (“county”) and Italian contea (“county”). Doublet of comitatus, borrowed directly from Latin. Mostly displaced native Old English sċīr, whence Modern English shire.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin comitātus
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Very common
Updated