English Reference
noun

cruelty

n.
US /ˈkɹuəɫti/ UK /kɹˈuːəlti/ cru·el·ty UK spelling cruelties

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    the quality of being very unkind or enjoying the pain of others.

    the abstract quality of indifference to suffering or the active pleasure in inflicting it. Uncountable in this sense.

    Simple

    The film showed the cruelty of the soldiers during the war.

    In context

    The philosopher argued that systemic cruelty often stems from a lack of empathy rather than a desire for destruction.

    brutalityviciousnessmeanness
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    a specific action that causes pain or suffering to someone or something.

    a specific act or instance of cruel behaviour. Countable in this sense.

    Simple

    Leaving a dog outside in the freezing cold is a terrible cruelty.

    In context

    The historian documented the various cruelties inflicted upon the local population by the occupying forces.

    Usage

    Often used in the plural to describe a series of bad actions.

Jason Arday's family spoke of the "public cruelty" the academic faced before his death last week.

BBC News· 17 Aug 2026

They said: “The public cruelty Jason was subjected to was too much for any man to bear.

The Guardian· 17 Aug 2026

From Middle English cruelte, from Old French crualté (French cruauté), from Latin crudelitas. By surface analysis, cruel + -ty.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin crudelitas
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated