English Reference

Word

depth

US/ˈdɛpθ/

UK/dˈɛpθ/

Definitions

01distance downwards

B1 · Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. the distance from the top surface of something to the bottom.

n. the linear measurement from the surface of a body of water or a container to its lowest point.

“The divers were surprised by the depth of the lake, which reached over fifty meters.”

“The engineers had to calculate the exact depth of the foundation to ensure the skyscraper could withstand seismic activity.”

Usage

often used with the preposition 'of' followed by a measurement.

Synonyms

deepnessdrop

Antonyms

shallowness

02distance front-to-back

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. the distance from the front of something to the back.

n. the horizontal dimension of an object measured from front to back, such as a shelf or a piece of furniture.

“Check the depth of the closet to make sure your coat hangers will fit.”

“The kitchen designer noted that the standard depth of the cabinets would not accommodate the oversized professional range.”

Usage

commonly used in technical specifications for furniture or appliances.

Synonyms

Antonyms

03seriousness or complexity

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. the quality of being serious, important, or having many layers of meaning.

n. the degree of intensity, complexity, or intellectual substance in a person, work of art, or situation.

“The book was praised for the depth of its characters and its emotional story.”

“The diplomat's analysis showed a remarkable depth of understanding regarding the historical grievances between the two nations.”

Usage

frequently used in the phrase 'depth of character' or 'depth of feeling'.

Synonyms

intensitycomplexityprofoundness

Antonyms

superficiality

04the deepest part

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Literary

n. the part of something that is furthest from the surface or the edge.

n. the most remote or central part of a place, or the most intense period of a season.

“Strange creatures live in the depths of the ocean where no light can reach.”

“In the depths of winter, the village was frequently cut off from the rest of the country by heavy snowfall.”

Usage

often used in the plural form 'depths' when referring to water or space.

Synonyms

053D appearance

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun Art

n. the way a picture or image looks like it has real space and distance.

n. the illusion or property of three-dimensionality in a two-dimensional representation.

“The artist used shadows to give the painting a sense of depth.”

“By using a wide aperture, the photographer achieved a shallow depth of field that blurred the background and highlighted the subject.”

Usage

often used in the phrase 'depth of field' in photography.

Antonyms

flatness

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “depth” in context.

Verb

01. add depth to the story

“The secondary characters add depth to the story and make it more believable.”

verb + noun + prep + noun

02. measure the depth

“Scientists used sonar to measure the depth of the ocean floor.”

verb + noun

03. plumb the depths

“The documentary attempts to plumb the depths of the artist's troubled mind.”

verb + noun

Adjective

04. considerable depth

“The report analyzes the economic crisis in considerable depth.”

adj + noun

05. great depth

“The divers were surprised by the great depth of the lake.”

adj + noun

06. hidden depth

“As I got to know him, I realized he had hidden depths to his personality.”

adj + noun

Preposition

07. in depth

“We need to discuss this proposal in depth before making a final decision.”

prep + noun

08. out of your depth

“I felt completely out of my depth during the advanced physics lecture.”

prep + noun + prep

09. depth of kilometres

Real-World Examples

“USGS put the depth at 10km (6.2 miles).”
Al Jazeera 15 Aug 2026
“It was recorded at the depth of under 10km.”
BBC News 18 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English depthe, from Old English dīepþ (“depth”), from Proto-Germanic diupiþō (“depth”), equivalent to deep + -th (abstract nominal suffix). Cognates Cognate with Scots deepth (“depth”), Saterland Frisian Djüpte (“depth”), West Frisian djipte (“depth; abyss, chasm”), Dutch diepte (“depth”), German Low German, Limburgish Deepde (“depth”), Luxembourgish Déift (“depth”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål dybde (“depth”), Faroese dýpd (“depth”), Icelandic djúp, dýpi, dýpt (“depth”), Norwegian Nynorsk djup, djupn, djupt, dypt (“depth”), Swedish djup (“depth”), Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌹𐌸𐌰 (diupiþa, “depth”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Idioms

Domains

ArtComputingLogicPhotographyStatistics

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
Frequency
Common
Level
B2 · Upper IntermediateOxford
Updated

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