English Reference
noun · verb

dose

n. · v.
US /ˈdoʊs/ UK /dˈəʊs/ dose UK spelling dosing

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate Medicine

    n.the exact amount of medicine you are supposed to take at one time.

    n.a measured portion of a therapeutic substance or radiation administered at a single time.

    Simple

    The doctor told him to take a small dose of the syrup every four hours.

    In context

    The clinical trial aimed to determine the minimum effective dose required to reduce blood pressure without causing significant side effects.

    Usage

    Often used with the preposition 'of'.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.an amount of something you experience, especially if it is difficult or strong.

    n.a quantity of an experience or quality, often one that is disagreeable or intense.

    Simple

    After a long week of work, she needed a healthy dose of peace and quiet.

    In context

    The documentary provided a heavy dose of reality regarding the environmental challenges facing the region.

    Teacher's tip

    Commonly used in the idiom 'a dose of your own medicine', meaning to be treated the same way you treat others.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced British EnglishInformalDialect

    n.a bad cold or a case of the flu.

    n.a bout of a common viral illness, such as a cold or influenza.

    Simple

    I've had a nasty dose of the flu and have been in bed for three days.

    In context

    He missed the conference because he was struck down by a particularly severe dose of whatever virus was going around the office.

  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate Medicine

    v.to give someone a specific amount of medicine.

    v.to administer a measured quantity of a drug or medication to a person or animal.

    Simple

    She had to dose the cat with antibiotics twice a day.

    In context

    The veterinarian instructed the farmer on how to dose the livestock to prevent the spread of the parasite through the herd.

    Usage

    Usually transitive, taking a direct object for the recipient and 'with' for the substance.

    medicatetreat

One dose of the MMR vaccine is about 97% effective at preventing rubella.

The Guardian· 13 Aug 2026

Nearly 90,000 doses of the vaccine have already been given, with 135,000 more booked in for the coming weeks.

BBC News· 3 Aug 2026

Borrowed from Middle French dose, from Late Latin dosis, from Ancient Greek δόσις (dósis, “a portion prescribed”, literally “a giving”), used by Galen and other Greek physicians to mean an amount of medicine, from δίδωμι (dídōmi, “to give”). Doublet of doos.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Ancient Greek δόσις
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Common
Updated