English Reference
noun · verb

fowl

n. · v.
US /ˈfaʊɫ/ UK /fˈaʊl/ fowl UK spelling fowled, fowls

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.birds that are kept on a farm for their meat or eggs, such as chickens, turkeys, and ducks.

    n.birds belonging to the orders Galliformes or Anseriformes, typically raised or hunted for human consumption.

    Simple

    The farmer kept various types of fowl, including several noisy geese and chickens.

    In context

    The local market specialised in wild fowl, offering seasonal game that was highly prized by the city's top chefs.

    Usage

    Often used as a collective noun; can be countable or uncountable depending on context.

  2. 02 C2 Proficiency ArchaicLiterary

    n.an old word for any kind of bird.

    n.a general term for any bird, regardless of species or utility.

    Simple

    In the old story, the air was filled with every kind of fowl imaginable.

    In context

    The poet described the 'fowls of the air' in a style that felt deliberately reminiscent of seventeenth-century scripture.

    Teacher's tip

    Modern speakers almost exclusively use 'bird'; this sense is only found in historical texts or the Bible.

  3. 03 C2 Proficiency Technical

    v.to hunt wild birds for food or sport.

    v.to hunt, catch, or shoot wildfowl.

    Simple

    He spent his autumn weekends fowling in the marshes near the coast.

    In context

    The estate manager granted the villagers limited rights to go fowling along the riverbanks during the winter months.

    Usage

    The verb is usually intransitive.


From Middle English foul, foghel, fowel, fowele, from Old English fugol (“bird”), from Proto-West Germanic fugl, from Proto-Germanic fuglaz, dissimilated variant of fluglaz (compare Old English flugol ‘fleeing’, Mercian fluglas heofun ‘birds of the air’), from fleuganą (“to fly”). Cognate with West Frisian fûgel, Low German Vagel, Dutch vogel, German Vogel, Swedish fågel, Danish and Norwegian fugl. Doublet of voël. More at fly.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin gem-pro *fuglaz
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Occasional
Updated