English Reference

Word

goof

US/ˈɡuf/

UK/ɡˈuːf/

Definitions

01a mistake

B2

n. a silly or careless mistake.

n. a minor, often careless error or oversight.

“The typo in the headline was a major goof that the editor missed.”

“The accounting department admitted the missing decimal point was a simple goof, though it caused significant confusion during the audit.”

Informal · American English

Synonyms

blundererrorslip-up

02a silly person

B2

n. a person who acts in a foolish or funny way.

n. a person who behaves in a silly, clumsy, or lighthearted manner.

“He is such a goof, always making funny faces to make the kids laugh.”

“Despite his reputation as a serious academic, he was a total goof at home, frequently performing slapstick routines for his family.”

Informal · American English

Synonyms

goofballclownfool

03to make a mistake

B2

v. to make a silly or careless error.

v. to commit a blunder or make a careless mistake; often used with 'up'.

“I really goofed up the directions and we ended up in the wrong town.”

“The technician goofed when he forgot to secure the safety latch, though fortunately no damage occurred to the equipment.”

Informal · American English

Usage

Often used as the phrasal verb 'goof up' when describing a specific failure.

Synonyms

blundermess uperr

04to waste time

B2

v. to spend time doing silly things or avoiding work.

v. to spend time idly or engage in frivolous activity; typically used with 'off'.

“Stop goofing off and finish your homework before dinner.”

“The supervisor warned the interns that they could not afford to goof off while the production line was running at full capacity.”

Informal · American English

Usage

Commonly appears as the phrasal verb 'goof off'.

Synonyms

idlemess aroundlark

Antonyms

Etymology

Perhaps from dialectal English goff (“foolish clown”), from earlier goffe, in which case further etymology is uncertain. Perhaps from Middle English goffen (“to speak in a frivolous manner”), possibly from Old English gaf, ġegaf (“base; wanton; lewd”, adjective), ġegaf (“buffoonery; scurrility”, noun), gaffetung, golfettung (“buffoonery; mockery”). Compare English dialectal gauffin (“lightheaded; foolish; giddy”), Scots gaff, gawf (“to talk loudly; babble”), Scots gaffaw (“a loud laugh”). Alternatively, perhaps from Middle French goffe (“awkward; stupid”). Compare also Spanish gofo, Italian goffo.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

goofNoungoofyAdjective

Related words

This entry

Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency
Occasional
Updated

Scan code

englishreference.com/q/goof

English Reference