ENGLISH
REFERENCE

hack up

phr. v..
C1 Advanced Oxford Informal

phr. v.. to cut something into many small pieces using a lot of force, or to cough very loudly and painfully.

phr. v.. to cut or chop something into irregular pieces with heavy, forceful blows; also used intransitively to describe a violent, productive cough.


SIMPLE

He had to hack up the fallen tree branch to move it.

CONTEXTUAL

The chef had to hack up the frozen meat because the kitchen saw was broken.

COMPLEX

The patient continued to hack up thick phlegm throughout the night, suggesting a severe respiratory infection that required immediate intervention.

Particles
up
Separability
optional
Pattern
hack + up + object
Usage

often implies a lack of precision or a sense of violent effort.

Teaching tip

distinguish between the physical act of chopping and the medical context of coughing; the latter is often used with 'phlegm' or 'mucus' as an object.

Pitfall

He hacked the wood up into pieces.He hacked up the wood into pieces.while technically separable, 'hack up' is most commonly used with the particle following the verb directly when describing the action of cutting.

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