ENGLISH
REFERENCE

hold out against

phr. v..
C1 Advanced Oxford

phr. v.. to resist something or someone and refuse to give in, even when you are under pressure.

phr. v.. to maintain resistance against an opposing force or pressure; to refuse to yield or submit during a conflict or negotiation.


SIMPLE

The small army held out against the invaders for weeks.

CONTEXTUAL

Despite the attractive offer, the homeowners held out against the developers to save their local park.

COMPLEX

The besieged garrison managed to hold out against the enemy forces until reinforcements finally arrived at dawn.

Particles
out against
Separability
inseparable
Pattern
hold + out + against + object
Usage

usually followed by a noun representing an enemy, a pressure, or a tempting offer.

Teaching tip

contrast with 'give in' or 'surrender'; the phrase emphasizes the duration and difficulty of the resistance.

Pitfall

They held out the pressure.They held out against the pressure.the preposition 'against' is essential to show what is being resisted; 'hold out' alone means to offer or last.

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