English Reference
noun

menstruation

n.
US /ˌmɛnstɹuˈeɪʃən/ UK /mˌɛnstɹuːˈeɪʃən/ men·stru·a·tion UK spelling menstruations

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Technical Medicine

    the monthly process where a woman's body releases blood and cells from the uterus.

    the periodic discharge of blood and uterine lining in humans and other primates, occurring as part of the reproductive cycle.

    Simple

    Menstruation usually begins during puberty for most young women.

    In context

    The hormonal shifts that trigger menstruation can also affect a person's mood and energy levels throughout the month.

    Usage

    Often used in medical or formal contexts; 'period' is the standard everyday term.

    periodmenses
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Technical Medicine

    the specific time or days during the month when this process happens.

    a specific occurrence or instance of the menstrual flow.

    Simple

    She tracked the start of her menstruation on a calendar every month.

    In context

    Irregular menstruation can sometimes be a sign of underlying health issues that require a consultation with a specialist.

    Usage

    Can be used as a countable noun when referring to specific occurrences.

    menstrual period

When you lose blood through menstruation, you also lose iron, which can affect your sleep, Dr Arif highlighted.

BBC News· 8 Jul 2026

From menstruum + -ation, modelled after Late Latin menstruatio. The word is a cognate with French menstruation, Spanish menstruación, which displaced Old English mōnaþblōd (literally “monthblood”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Old English mōnaþblōd
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Occasional
Updated