English Reference
noun · adjective · interjection

period

n. · adj. · interj.
US /ˈpɪɹiəd/ UK /pˈiəɹɪəd/ pe·ri·od UK spelling period's, period's

  1. 01 A1 Beginner

    n.a specific amount of time.

    n.a generic interval or duration of time.

    Simple

    The doctor told him to rest for a short period after the surgery.

    In context

    The company experienced a period of rapid expansion followed by several years of consolidation and restructuring.

  2. 02 A2 Elementary

    n.one of the parts that a school day is divided into.

    n.a division of the academic day allocated to a specific subject or activity.

    Simple

    We have double maths in the first period on Monday mornings.

    In context

    The bell rang to signal the end of the third period, sending hundreds of students into the narrow corridors.

  3. 03 A2 Elementary American English

    n.the small dot (.) used at the end of a sentence.

    n.the punctuation mark used to indicate the end of a declarative sentence or an abbreviation.

    Simple

    Don't forget to put a period at the end of every sentence.

    In context

    The editor noted that several sentences were missing a closing period, which made the paragraph difficult to parse.

    Usage

    Called a 'full stop' in British English.

    Teacher's tip

    Learners should be aware that 'period' is the standard term in North America, while 'full stop' is used in the UK and Australia.

    full stop
  4. 04 B1 Intermediate Medicine

    n.the monthly flow of blood from a woman's body.

    n.the monthly discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the uterus; menstruation.

    Simple

    She often gets bad headaches just before her period starts.

    In context

    The patient reported irregular periods and significant abdominal discomfort during the first two days of her cycle.

  5. 05 B1 Intermediate

    n.a particular time in history.

    n.a distinct portion of history characterised by specific events, cultures, or developments.

    Simple

    The Victorian period saw many changes in how people lived and worked.

    In context

    Archaeologists are currently excavating a site that dates back to the early Roman period in Britain.

  6. 06 B1 Intermediate Sport

    n.one of the parts that a game is divided into.

    n.one of the fixed intervals into which a sporting match is divided.

    Simple

    The home team scored three goals in the second period of the hockey game.

    In context

    After a scoreless first period, the coach made several tactical adjustments to increase the team's offensive pressure.

  7. 07 C1 Advanced Technical Science

    n.the time it takes for something to happen again and again.

    n.the interval of time or space after which a periodic function or physical motion repeats itself.

    Simple

    The period of the earth's rotation is approximately twenty-four hours.

    In context

    The physicist calculated the orbital period of the satellite to ensure it would remain in a geostationary position.

  8. 08 C1 Advanced Technical Chemistry

    n.a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table.

    n.a horizontal row in the periodic table of elements, representing the filling of an electron shell.

    Simple

    Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells.

    In context

    As you move from left to right across a period, the atomic radius typically decreases due to the increasing nuclear charge.

    row
  9. 09 B2 Upper Intermediate

    adj.made to look like it belongs to a specific time in the past.

    adj.belonging to or characteristic of a particular historical time, especially regarding furniture, clothing, or architecture.

    Simple

    The actors wore beautiful period costumes for the movie about the 1920s.

    In context

    The hotel was decorated with period furniture to maintain the atmosphere of the original eighteenth-century manor house.

  10. 10 B2 Upper Intermediate InformalAmerican English

    interj.used to say that you will not discuss something anymore.

    interj.used for emphasis at the end of a statement to indicate that it is final and no further discussion is permitted.

    Simple

    I am not going to that party, period.

    In context

    The manager told the staff that safety regulations were non-negotiable, period.

    full stopend of story

Usage period of time · period last · period on record


From Middle English periode, from Middle French periode, from Medieval Latin periodus, from Ancient Greek περίοδος (períodos, “circuit, orbit, a recurring interval of time, path around”), from περι- (peri-, “around”) + ὁδός (hodós, “way”). Displaced native Middle English tide (“interval, period, season”), from Old English tīd (“time, period, season”), as well as Middle English elde (“age, period”), from Old English ieldu (“age, period of time”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Ancient Greek περίοδος
Level A1 · Beginner
Frequency Very common
Updated