English Reference

Word

nonlinear

Phoneticsnon·lin·ear

/nɑnˈɫɪˌniɝ/

Definitions

01mathematics and science

C1 · Advanced Mathematics Academic · Technical

adj. describes a relationship where the output is not directly proportional to the input.

adj. describing a system or function where the output does not change in direct proportion to the input, often involving variables with exponents other than one.

“The relationship between the two chemicals is nonlinear, so doubling one does not double the reaction.”

“In nonlinear dynamics, small perturbations in the initial conditions can lead to vastly different outcomes, a phenomenon commonly known as the butterfly effect.”

Usage

Typically used as a non-gradable adjective in scientific contexts.

Synonyms

disproportionalexponential

02narrative or time

C1 · Advanced Academic

adj. describes a story or process that does not follow a straight, chronological order.

adj. describing a narrative structure or progression that deviates from chronological sequence, often employing flashbacks or parallel timelines.

“The movie has a nonlinear plot that jumps between the past and the present.”

“Modernist literature frequently employs nonlinear structures to reflect the fragmented nature of human memory and consciousness.”

03geometry and molecules

C1 · Advanced Science Technical

adj. describes points or atoms that do not lie on a single straight line.

adj. denoting a set of points or a molecular structure where the constituent parts are not arranged in a straight line.

“Water is a nonlinear molecule because its atoms are arranged in a V-shape.”

“The researcher noted that the three points were nonlinear, forming a distinct triangle rather than a single vector.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

Real-World Examples

“As laser energies grow, nonlinear effects within the fiber become stronger.”
Phys.org 30 Aug 2026
“Informed by learning theory, the chapter extends Wittman's prior research on career transitions, emphasizing the learning that takes place amid the growing trend of nonlinear career paths and the professional identity changes they entail.”
Phys.org 18 Aug 2026

Etymology

From non- + linear.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Domains

ChemistryMathematics

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Frequent
Level
C1 · Advanced
Updated

QR code

englishreference.com/q/nonlinear

English Reference