English Reference

Word

per

Phoneticsper

US/ˈpɝ/

UK/pˈɜː/

Definitions

01for each

A2 · Elementary

prep. for every one of something, like a person or a day.

prep. for each; used to express a rate or ratio relative to a single unit.

“The hotel room costs one hundred dollars per night.”

“The data suggests that the average caloric intake per person has increased significantly across the region over the last decade.”

Synonyms

for eacha

02according to

B2 · Upper Intermediate Formal

prep. in a way that follows a rule, a plan, or a set of instructions.

prep. in accordance with; following a specific standard, instruction, or previous agreement.

“We completed the project per your instructions.”

“The shipment was processed per the terms of the original contract, ensuring no additional tariffs were applied.”

Synonyms

according tofollowing

03by way of

C1 · Advanced Medicine Technical

prep. through or by using a specific part of the body.

prep. by means of; through the medium of. Often used with Latin anatomical terms in clinical contexts.

“The doctor administered the medicine per rectum to ensure fast absorption.”

“The patient was kept nil per os for twelve hours prior to the surgical procedure to prevent complications during anesthesia.”

Synonyms

04gender-neutral person

C2 · Proficiency Informal

pron. a word used to talk about a person without saying if they are male or female.

pron. A neologistic gender-neutral third-person singular pronoun used as an alternative to 'he' or 'she'.

“Per is coming to the party later tonight.”

“The author chose to use per as a consistent gender-neutral pronoun throughout the experimental novel.”

Synonyms

Usage

Commonly used in technical, commercial, or mathematical contexts to link two units of measurement.

Word family

PREPOSITION

Per(A2)

Domain

Medicine

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A2 KeyIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.3.0–4.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 2.0–2.524–43TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.225–549
Frequency
Very common
Level
A2 · ElementaryOxford
Updated

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English Reference