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physiology

n.
US //ˌfɪziˈɑɫədʒi// UK //fˌɪzɪˈɒlədʒi// phys·i·ol·o·gy
  1. 1 scientific study of body functions (n.)
    C1 Advanced Academic Technical Science

    the scientific study of how the parts of a living body work together.

    the branch of biology dealing with the functions and activities of living matter, such as organs and cells, and the physical and chemical phenomena involved.

    Example

    In our biology class, we studied the physiology of the human heart.

    Example

    Advanced research into human physiology has revealed how the body adapts to extreme conditions like high altitudes or deep-sea diving.

    Usage

    Often used as an uncountable noun when referring to the field of study.

  2. 2 the way a specific body works (n.)
    C1 Advanced Technical Science

    the way a specific person's or animal's body functions.

    the internal biological and chemical processes of a specific organism or species.

    Example

    The physiology of a camel allows it to survive for a long time without water.

    Example

    The athlete's unique physiology enabled her to recover from intense training sessions much faster than her competitors.

    Usage

    Can be used as a countable noun when comparing different types of bodies.

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  1. 3 natural science (n.)
    C2 Proficiency Archaic Science

    an old word for the general study of nature and natural objects.

    the study and description of natural objects; a historical synonym for natural science.

    Example

    In the 1700s, scholars used the term physiology to describe all of nature.

    Example

    The ancient manuscript contained a section on physiology that discussed everything from minerals to the stars.

    Usage

    This sense is no longer used in modern scientific contexts.

    • natural science
Origin

From French physiologie, from Latin physiologia, from Ancient Greek φυσιολογία (phusiología, “natural philosophy”), from φύσις (phúsis, “nature”) + λόγος (lógos, “word”). Equivalent to physio- + -logy.

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