English Reference

Word

pituitary

Phoneticspi·tu·itary

US/pəˈtuəˌtɛɹi/

UK/pɪtjˈuːɪtəɹi/

Definitions

01the gland

C1 · Medicine

n. a small gland at the base of the brain that controls growth and other body functions.

n. the pituitary gland; a pea-sized endocrine organ situated in the sella turcica at the base of the hypothalamus.

“The doctor explained that the pituitary controls many of the body's hormones.”

“A tumor on the pituitary can disrupt the entire endocrine system, leading to significant hormonal imbalances and growth issues.”

Technical

Usage

Often used as a shorthand for 'pituitary gland' in medical contexts.

Synonyms

hypophysis

02relating to the gland

C1 · Medicine

adj. describing something that belongs to or is connected to the pituitary gland.

adj. of or relating to the pituitary gland or its functions.

“The patient was referred to a specialist for a pituitary disorder.”

“The researcher focused on pituitary function and its role in regulating the body's response to chronic stress.”

Technical

Usage

Typically placed before the noun it modifies.

Real-World Examples

“A brain scan revealed he had an 11mm (0.433in) non-cancerous tumour growing on the pituitary gland - a marble-sized organ at the base of the skull.”
BBC News · 26 Aug 2026
“The pituitary gland, blood vessels and nerves controlling vision are tightly packed together, and “going a millimetre wrong can make a critical difference”, health officials said, potentially leading to blindness, stroke or death.”
The Guardian · 26 Aug 2026

Etymology

1610s, from Latin pītuītārius (“mucous”), from pītuīta (“clammy moisture, phlegm, mucus, slime”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *peyH- (“to be fat, swell”). Taken as the name for the gland because it was believed that it channeled mucus to the nose. As a noun by 1899.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Domains

AnatomyMedicine

This entry

Level
C1 · Advanced
Frequency
Occasional
Updated

Scan code

englishreference.com/q/pituitary

English Reference