English Reference
noun

realism

n.
US /ˈɹiəɫɪzm/ UK /ɹˈiəlɪzəm/ re·al·ism UK spelling realisms

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    the habit of accepting a situation as it is and being prepared to deal with it in a practical way.

    a pragmatic disposition characterized by the rejection of impractical or visionary ideals in favour of objective facts.

    Simple

    We need a bit of realism when discussing the budget for the new house.

    In context

    The negotiator approached the talks with a sense of realism, acknowledging that neither side would achieve their primary objectives without significant compromise.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    a style of painting or writing that shows people and things as they really are in everyday life.

    an aesthetic style or movement that aims to represent subject matter truthfully, avoiding speculative fiction or exotic supernatural elements.

    Simple

    The author is famous for the gritty realism of her novels about city life.

    In context

    Nineteenth-century realism in painting sought to depict the mundane lives of the working class with the same dignity previously reserved for historical or religious subjects.

    naturalismverisimilitude
    abstractionsurrealism
  3. 03 C1 Advanced AcademicTechnical Science

    the belief that the world and physical objects exist even if no one is there to see them.

    the ontological position that an external reality exists independently of the mind, observation, or conceptual schemes.

    Simple

    Scientific realism suggests that the atoms described by physics are real things.

    In context

    The debate between realism and instrumentalism remains central to the philosophy of science, particularly regarding the status of unobservable entities in theoretical physics.

    objectivism
    subjectivismanti realism
  4. 04 C2 Proficiency AcademicFormal Religion

    the old idea that general concepts, like 'beauty' or 'redness', are real things that exist on their own.

    the medieval or Platonic doctrine that universals exist independently of the particular objects that manifest them.

    Simple

    In the Middle Ages, scholars argued about realism and whether general ideas truly exist.

    In context

    The conflict between realism and nominalism shaped much of scholastic theology, as thinkers grappled with the nature of abstract properties and their relation to the physical world.

    platonism
    nominalism

He has offered notes of realism to temper the excitement of the spending spree.

The Guardian· 21 Aug 2026

But equally there has to be a sense of realism about the nature of the teams they’ve played.

The Guardian· 31 Aug 2026

From real + -ism.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated