English Reference
noun

shaping

n.
US /ˈʃeɪpɪŋ/ UK /ʃˈeɪpɪŋ/ shap·ing

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    the act of giving something a specific shape, character, or direction.

    the process of influencing the development or form of something, whether physical or abstract.

    Simple

    The shaping of the new law took many months of debate.

    In context

    The shaping of public opinion was heavily influenced by the media's framing of the economic crisis during the election cycle.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced Technical Psychology

    a way of teaching a new skill by rewarding every small step toward the final goal.

    a method of training by which successive approximations of a target behavior are reinforced.

    Simple

    The trainer used shaping to teach the dog how to open the door.

    In context

    Through the process of shaping, the therapist helped the patient gradually overcome their social anxiety by reinforcing increasingly complex interactions.

    Usage

    Often used as an uncountable noun in behavioral contexts.

    successive approximation

The artists wrote in their letter: “The climate crisis is no longer something we fear for future generations; it is shaping our lives today.

The Guardian· 17 Aug 2026

Over time, these shared beliefs can become part of a team’s identity, shaping how it responds under pressure.

The Guardian· 9 Aug 2026

Etymology 1

From Middle English schapynge, equivalent to shape + -ing.

Etymology 2

From Middle English shapinge, shapende, schapende, schappande, from Old English sċyppende, sċeppende, from Proto-West Germanic skappjandī, from Proto-Germanic skapjandz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *skapjaną (“to form, shape, create”), equivalent to shape + -ing.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Middle English schapynge
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated