English Reference
adjective · verb

sober

adj. · v.
US /ˈsoʊbɝ/ UK /sˈəʊbɐ/ sober UK spelling sobered, Sobers

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate

    adj.not affected by alcohol or drugs.

    adj.not intoxicated by alcohol or under the influence of recreational drugs.

    Simple

    He decided to stay sober so he could drive his friends home safely.

    In context

    The witness provided a remarkably clear account of the accident, having remained entirely sober throughout the evening's festivities.

    clear headedstraight
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    adj.serious, calm, and sensible in your thinking.

    adj.serious, sensible, and solemn in character or manner; showing self-control.

    Simple

    After the accident, they had a sober discussion about safety rules.

    In context

    The CEO gave a sober assessment of the company's financial situation, avoiding any optimistic language that might mislead the board.

    seriousgravelevel headed
  3. 03 C1 Advanced Formal

    adj.plain and not bright in colour.

    adj.subdued or muted in colour or tone; lacking brightness or ornamentation.

    Simple

    She wore a sober grey suit for the job interview.

    In context

    The office was decorated in sober tones of brown and navy, creating a professional if somewhat uninspiring atmosphere.

  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to stop feeling the effects of alcohol, often used with 'up'.

    v.to become sober after a period of intoxication; frequently functions as a phrasal verb with 'up'.

    Simple

    A walk in the cold air helped him sober up after the party.

    In context

    It took several hours for the suspect to sober up enough to provide a coherent statement to the investigators.

    intoxicate

After the break, Beard got sober and toured with the band for decades.

The Guardian· 18 Aug 2026

Inherited from Middle English sober, from Old French sobre, from Latin sōbrius, from se- (“without”) + ebrius (“intoxicated”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁egʷʰ- (“drink”). In the sense "not drunk," displaced native undrunken, from Old English undruncen.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *h₁egʷʰ-
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated