ENGLISH
REFERENCE

substrate

n.
US //ˈsəbˌstɹeɪt// UK //sˈʌbstɹeɪt// sub·strate
  1. 1 biological surface (n.)
    C1 Advanced Technical Science

    the surface or material that a plant or animal lives and grows on.

    the surface or medium on which an organism grows or is attached.

    Example

    The coral larvae need a hard substrate like rock to attach themselves to.

    Example

    In the intertidal zone, the type of substrate—whether sandy, muddy, or rocky—determines which species of invertebrates can successfully colonise the area.

  2. 2 chemical reactant (n.)
    C1 Advanced Technical Science

    a substance that an enzyme acts on to cause a chemical reaction.

    the specific compound or molecule upon which an enzyme acts to produce a chemical change.

    Example

    The enzyme breaks down the substrate into smaller pieces of sugar.

    Example

    The lock-and-key model describes how the enzyme's active site is shaped specifically to fit its corresponding substrate.

    • reactant
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  1. 3 underlying layer (n.)
    C1 Advanced Technical Science

    a bottom layer or base that supports something else on top of it.

    an underlying substance or layer; a substratum providing the foundation for another material.

    Example

    The silicon substrate is the base for all the tiny parts in a computer chip.

    Example

    Before applying the final decorative coating, the technician ensured the metal substrate was free of any oxidation or debris.

  2. 4 linguistic influence (n.)
    C2 Proficiency Academic Technical

    a language that was spoken in an area before a new one took over and influenced it.

    a language of lower prestige which influences a dominant language that has replaced it in a population.

    Example

    The local language acted as a substrate, changing how the new settlers spoke.

    Example

    Linguists argue that the Celtic substrate significantly influenced the phonology and syntax of the English spoken in those specific regions.

    • substratum
    • superstrate
Origin

Anglicization of substratum.

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