English Reference

Word

traffic

Phoneticstraf·fic, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈtɹæfɪk/

UK/tɹˈæfɪk/

Definitions

01vehicles on the road

A1 · Beginner Uncountable noun

n. the cars, trucks, and buses using a road at a particular time.

n. the movement of vehicles or pedestrians along a public highway or transport route. Uncountable in this sense.

“I was late for work because the traffic was very heavy this morning.”

“Commuters faced significant delays as the morning traffic slowed to a crawl following a minor collision on the main arterial road.”

Usage

Always used with a singular verb.

Pitfall

There were many traffics on the bridge.

There was a lot of traffic on the bridge.

Traffic is an uncountable noun and does not have a plural form when referring to vehicles.

02internet/data flow

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun Computing

n. the amount of data or the number of people visiting a website.

n. the volume of data, messages, or visitors moving through a computer network or website.

“The website crashed because it received too much traffic after the advertisement.”

“Network administrators monitored the sudden spike in web traffic to ensure the servers could handle the increased load during the product launch.”

Synonyms

bandwidthvisitsdata flow

03illegal trade

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun Law

n. the secret and illegal buying and selling of goods, like drugs or weapons.

n. the illicit exchange or commercial trade of prohibited goods or services.

“The government is trying to stop the illegal traffic of rare animals.”

“International agencies collaborated to dismantle the network responsible for the illicit traffic of stolen antiquities across the border.”

Antonyms

legal trade

04to trade illegally

C1 · Advanced Law Formal

v. to buy or sell something illegally.

v. to engage in the illicit exchange of goods or people. Transitive when followed by an object.

“The gang was caught trying to traffic prohibited goods into the country.”

“The defendant was charged with conspiracy to traffic controlled substances across state lines over a three-year period.”

Usage

Often used in the form 'trafficking'. Note the 'k' added in the present participle and past tense.

Synonyms

05congested

B1 · Intermediate Dialect

adj. used to describe a road that is full of cars and moving slowly.

adj. describing a state of heavy congestion or blocked movement on a roadway.

“We should leave early because the highway is always very traffic at this hour.”

“The driver warned us that the downtown area becomes incredibly traffic during the festival weekend.”

Teaching tip

This adjectival use is specific to Philippine English; in most other dialects, speakers say 'the traffic is heavy' rather than 'the road is traffic'.

Synonyms

Antonyms

Etymology

From Middle French trafique, traffique (“traffic”), from Italian traffico (“traffic”) from trafficare (“to carry on trade”). Potentially from Vulgar Latin *trānsfrīcāre (“to rub across”); Klein instead suggests the Italian has ultimate origin in Arabic تَفْرِيق (tafrīq, “distribution, dispersion”), reshaped to match the native prefix tra- (“trans-”). The adjectival sense is possibly influenced by Tagalog trapik and follows a general trend in Philippine English to construct a noun from an adjective.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

Related words

Idioms

The word in film

Traffic · 2000 · Crime

Directed by:
Steven Soderbergh
Starring:
Salma Hayek, Catherine Zeta-Jones, Michael Douglas

Director Steven Soderbergh explores the complex world of the international drug trade in this intense crime drama. The story follows several different people, including a judge and a dealer's wife, whose lives are connected by the secret movement of illegal substances across borders.

Domains

AdvertisingComputingNetworking

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A1 MoversIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.2.0–3.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 1.0–1.50–23TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.120–224
Frequency
Very common
Level
A1 · BeginnerOxford
Updated

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