00 / Modal Verbs
The imperative
The imperative is used to give direct orders, instructions, or advice. It uses the base form of the verb and does not require a subject.
A1Beginner
01 / Overview
The imperative mood allows a speaker to tell someone what to do. It is common in instructions, commands, and signs. Because the speaker is addressing someone directly, the subject 'you' is understood and omitted.
02 / Form
(Don't) + Verb (base form)
For affirmative sentences, use the base form of the verb. For negative sentences, place do not or don't before the base form.
03 / Examples
04 / Common mistakes
You sit down.
Sit down.
The subject 'you' is not used in standard imperative sentences.
No talking!
Don't talk.
While 'No + -ing' is used on signs, the imperative verb form requires 'don't' for a direct command.
To open the door.
Open the door.
Do not use the infinitive with 'to' for imperatives.
05 / Imperative vs. Polite Requests
The imperative can sound aggressive or rude if used with the wrong tone. Adding please makes the command more polite.
| Imperative | Polite Request |
|---|---|
| Sit down. | Please sit down. |
| Close the door. | Can you close the door? |
06 / Practice
Change the sentence into a negative imperative: 'Run in the hallway.'
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Answer: Don't run in the hallway.
Why: To make a negative imperative, add 'don't' before the base verb.
Correct the sentence: 'You open your book to page 10.'
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Answer: Open your book to page 10.
Why: Imperatives do not use the subject 'you'.
Complete the instruction: '____ (not / forget) your keys.'
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Answer: Don't forget
Why: The negative imperative uses 'don't' followed by the base form of the verb 'forget'.