English Reference
verb · noun

turn

v. · n.
US /ˈtɝn/ UK /tˈɜːn/ turn UK spelling turned, turns

  1. 01 A1 Beginner

    v.to move your body or a vehicle in a new direction.

    v.to cause to move or to move oneself so as to face or travel in a different direction.

    Simple

    Turn left at the next traffic light to find the supermarket.

    In context

    The driver had to turn sharply to avoid the debris that had fallen from the truck ahead of him.

  2. 02 A2 Elementary

    v.to move in a circle around a central point.

    v.to rotate or cause to rotate around an axis or centre.

    Simple

    You have to turn the key clockwise to unlock the front door.

    In context

    The turbine began to turn rapidly as the water pressure increased, generating enough electricity for the entire village.

  3. 03 A2 Elementary

    v.to change into something else or reach a certain age.

    v.to undergo a transformation in state, nature, or appearance; also used to indicate reaching a specific age.

    Simple

    The leaves turn brown in the autumn before they fall off the trees.

    In context

    He will turn fifty next month, a milestone that has prompted him to reconsider his career path entirely.

  4. 04 A1 Beginner

    n.the time when you are allowed or expected to do something after someone else.

    n.an opportunity or obligation to do something in a specified order among a group.

    Simple

    It is your turn to wash the dishes after dinner tonight.

    In context

    Each player must wait for their turn before moving their piece across the board according to the dice roll.

  5. 05 A2 Elementary

    n.a movement or a place where you change direction.

    n.an act of changing course or the place where a road or path deviates.

    Simple

    The car took the turn too fast and nearly hit the fence.

    In context

    The mountain road was full of sharp turns that made several passengers feel quite motion-sick during the ascent.

  6. 06 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.an action that helps or hurts someone else.

    n.a service or deed performed for another, often appearing in the phrase 'do someone a good turn'.

    Simple

    He did me a good turn by lending me his car when mine broke down.

    In context

    The local business owner did the community a good turn by sponsoring the youth football team's new uniforms.

  7. 07 C1 Advanced British English Theatre

    n.a short act or performance in a show.

    n.a short theatrical or musical performance, typically as part of a variety show.

    Simple

    The comedian's turn was the highlight of the evening's entertainment.

    In context

    The veteran singer performed a brief turn at the charity gala, reminding the audience of her enduring vocal talent.

  8. 08 C2 Proficiency Technical Technical

    v.to shape a piece of wood or metal using a special machine called a lathe.

    v.to shape an object by rotating it against a cutting tool on a lathe.

    Simple

    The carpenter turned the legs of the table to give them a rounded shape.

    In context

    The artisan spent hours turning the mahogany block into a perfectly symmetrical bowl with intricate decorative grooves.

Usage turned his attention · turned away · turn back


Etymology 1

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *terh₁-der. Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos)bor. Latin tornus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin tornōbor. Proto-West Germanic *turnēn Old English turnian ▲ Latin tornō Old French tornerbor. Middle English turnen English turn From Middle English turnen, from Old English turnian, tyrnan (“to turn, rotate, revolve”), from Proto-West Germanic turnēn (“to turn, lathe”) (also the source of German turnen and its derivatives) and Old French torner (“to turn”), both from Latin tornāre (“to round off, turn in a lathe”), from tornus (“lathe”), from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos, “turning-lathe: a tool used for making circles”), from Proto-Indo-European terh₁- (“to rub, rub by turning, turn, twist, bore”). Cognate with Old English þrāwan (“to turn, twist, wind”), whence English throw. Displaced native Middle English wenden from Old English wendan (see wend), and Middle English trenden from Old English trendan (see trend), among several other terms.

Etymology 2

Partly from Anglo-Norman *torn, from Latin tornus, from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos), and partly an action noun from the verb turn.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *terh₁-
Level A1 · Beginner
Frequency Very common
Updated