stop
v. · n.-
1 to cease moving or acting (v.) A1 Beginnerto finish an activity or to stay in one place and not move anymore.
to cease motion, progress, or an ongoing activity. Intransitive or transitive depending on whether the subject or an object is being halted.
ExampleThe car stopped at the red light and waited for the pedestrians to cross.
ExampleThe factory decided to stop production of the older model once the new automated assembly line became fully operational.
PitfallI stopped to smoke.I stopped smoking.Use the -ing form to mean you quit a habit. Use 'to' + verb to mean you paused what you were doing in order to do something else.
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2 to prevent something (v.) A2 Elementaryto keep something from happening or to block someone from doing something.
to interrupt, prevent, or end the activity of someone or something through intervention.
ExampleThe security guard stopped the man from entering the building without an ID.
ExampleHeavy snow effectively stopped the rescue teams from reaching the remote village before nightfall.
UsageOften used with the pattern 'stop someone from doing something'.
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3 to stay temporarily (v.) B1 Intermediate British Englishto stay in a place for a short time while you are on a journey.
to reside or tarry temporarily; to make a brief visit during travel.
ExampleWe stopped at a small hotel for the night before driving the rest of the way.
ExampleDuring their tour of the coast, they stopped over in several fishing villages to sample the local cuisine.
UsageOften used with 'at' or 'over'.
Teacher's tipThis sense is more common in British English than American English, where 'stay' is preferred.
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4 transit location (n.) A1 Beginnera place where a bus, train, or tram regularly waits for people.
a designated location where public transport vehicles halt to allow passengers to board or alight.
ExampleI will meet you at the bus stop in front of the library at five o'clock.
ExampleThe city council decided to move the tram stop further down the street to reduce traffic congestion at the main intersection.
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5 ending a journey (n.) A2 Elementarya short break or a period of time when you are not moving during a trip.
an act of halting or an interruption of travel.
ExampleWe made a quick stop for coffee and then continued our long drive.
ExampleThe flight from London to Sydney includes a two-hour stop in Singapore for refueling and crew changes.
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6 punctuation (n.) B1 Intermediate British English Grammara mark like a period (.) used at the end of a sentence.
a punctuation mark representing a pause or the end of a sentence; specifically a full stop.
ExampleYou must put a stop at the end of every sentence.
ExampleThe editor noted that the author frequently omitted the final stop in bulleted lists, leading to inconsistent formatting.
UsageCommonly called a 'full stop' in the UK.
Teacher's tipIn American English, this is almost exclusively called a 'period'.
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7 linguistics (n.) C1 Advanced Technical Linguisticsa consonant sound where you completely block the air for a moment, like /p/ or /t/.
a consonant phoneme produced by a complete obstruction of the oral cavity, followed by a sudden release of air.
ExampleThe letter 'p' is a stop because your lips close completely to make the sound.
ExampleThe researcher analyzed the duration of the closure phase in unvoiced stops across several different dialects.
Teacher's tipLearners of phonetics will encounter this as a synonym for 'plosive'.
- plosive
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8 photography (n.) C1 Advanced Technical Photographya setting that changes how much light enters a camera.
a unit of exposure representing a doubling or halving of the light reaching the sensor; also an f-stop.
ExampleI opened the lens by one stop to make the photo brighter.
ExampleAdjusting the exposure by half a stop was sufficient to recover the detail in the shadows without blowing out the highlights.
- f stop
- aperture
From Middle English stoppen, stoppien, from Old English stoppian (“to stop, close”), from Proto-West Germanic stoppōn, from Proto-Germanic stuppōną (“to stop, close”), stuppijaną (“to push, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European (s)tewp-, (s)tewb- (“to push; stick”), from (s)tew- (“to bump; impact; butt; push; beat; strike; hit”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian stopje (“to stop, block”), West Frisian stopje (“to stop”), Dutch stoppen (“to stop”), Low German stoppen (“to stop”), German stopfen (“to be filling, stuff”), German stoppen (“to stop”), Danish stoppe (“to stop”), Swedish stoppa (“to stop”), Icelandic stoppa (“to stop”), Middle High German stupfen, stüpfen (“to pierce”). More at stuff, stump. Alternative etymology derives Proto-West Germanic stoppōn from an assumed Vulgar Latin stūpāre, *stuppāre (“to stop up with tow”), from stūpa, stīpa, stuppa (“tow, flax, oakum”), from Ancient Greek στύπη (stúpē), στύππη (stúppē, “tow, flax, oakum”). This derivation, however, is doubtful, as the earliest instances of the Germanic verb do not carry the meaning of "stuff, stop with tow". Rather, these senses developed later in response to influence from similar sounding words in Latin and Romance.
From Middle English stoppe, from Old English stoppa (“bucket, pail, a stop”), from Proto-Germanic stuppô (“vat, vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European (s)teub- (“to push, hit; stick, stump”). See stoup. Cognates Cognate with Norwegian stopp, stoppa (“deep well, recess”), Middle High German stubech, stübich (“barrel, vat, unit of measure”) (German Stübchen). Related also to Middle Low German stōp (“beaker, flask”), Middle High German stouf (“beaker, flask”), Norwegian staupa (“goblet”), Icelandic staupa (“shot-glass”), Old English stēap (“a stoup, beaker, drinking vessel, cup, flagon”). Cognate to Albanian shtambë (“amphora, bucket”).
From s- + top.